读取数据文件的方法有哪些

// PreferenceModel.ets
async getPreference() {
  let fruit = '';
  ...
  try {
    fruit = (await preference.get(CommonConstants.KEY_NAME, '')).toString();
  } catch (err) {
    Logger.error(CommonConstants.TAG, `Failed to get value, Cause: ${err}`);
  }
  ...
}