#跟着小白一起学鸿蒙# [番外]一起学做FlappyBird 原创精华

左翼风发

发布于 2022-11-13 14:57

浏览

4收藏

#跟着小白一起学鸿蒙# [番外]一起学做FlappyBird

作者：王石

简介

记得很久以前有个大火的像素游戏叫FlappyBird，我们就一起看看如何能用OpenHarmony学习做个FlappyBird。本文中引用的图片资源均来自与Github。

#跟着小白一起学鸿蒙# [番外]一起学做FlappyBird-鸿蒙开发者社区

开发

1. HAP应用建立

《#跟着小白一起学鸿蒙#[六]如何编写一个hap应用》里我们介绍了简单的Hap应用的开发以及基础控件的介绍，这里我们就不赘述Hap项目的建立过程，以下就是基础的Hap的page文件：index.ets

  build() {
    Row() {
      Column() {
        Canvas(this.context)
          .width('100%')
          .height('100%')
          .onClick((ev: ClickEvent) => {
            console.info("click!!")
            //响应鼠标左击
            this.doClick()
          })
          .onReady(() =>{
            //绘制基础
            this.context.imageSmoothingEnabled = false
            this.drawBlock()
          })
      }
      .width('100%')
    }
    .height('100%')
    .backgroundImage($r("app.media.backgroundday"))
    .backgroundImageSize(ImageSize.Cover)
  }
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.

build是基础页面的构造函数，用于界面的元素构造，其他的页面的生命周期函数如下：

declare class CustomComponent {
  /**
   * Customize the pop-up content constructor.
   * @since 7
   */
  build(): void;

  /**
   * aboutToAppear Method
   * @since 7
   */
  aboutToAppear?(): void;

  /**
   * aboutToDisappear Method
   * @since 7
   */
  aboutToDisappear?(): void;

  /**
   * onPageShow Method
   * @since 7
   */
  onPageShow?(): void;

  /**
   * onPageHide Method
   * @since 7
   */
  onPageHide?(): void;

  /**
   * onBackPress Method
   * @since 7
   */
  onBackPress?(): void;
}
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.

2. Canvas介绍

canvas是画布组件用于自定义绘制图形，具体的API页面如下：

https://developer.harmonyos.com/cn/docs/documentation/doc-references/ts-components-canvas-canvas-0000001333641081

页面显示前会调用aboutToAppear()函数，此函数为页面生命周期函数

canvas组件初始化完毕后会调用onReady()函数，函数内部实现小游戏的初始页面的绘制

2.1 初始化页面数据

  drawBlock() {
    this.context.clearRect(0,0,this.context.width,this.context.height)
    this.context.drawImage( this.baseImg,this.baseX,this.baseY,500,300)
    switch(this.flappyState) {
      case 0:
        this.context.drawImage( this.messageImg,this.startX,this.startY,300,500)
        this.drawBird()
        break;
      case 1:
        this.drawBird()
        this.context.drawImage( this.pipegreenImg,this.pipeX,this.pipeY,50,150)
        break;
      case 2:
        this.context.drawImage( this.gameoverImg,this.startX,this.startY*3,300,90)
        break
    }
  }
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.

页面状态有三：

0：等待开始界面
1：游戏进行
2：游戏结束

2.2 绘制Bird

  drawBird() {
    switch(this.birdType) {
      case 0:
        this.context.drawImage( this.midbirdImg,this.slotX,this.slotY,this.birdH,this.birdW)
        break
      case 1:
        this.context.drawImage( this.upbirdImg,this.slotX,this.slotY,this.birdH,this.birdW)
        break;
      case 2:
        this.context.drawImage( this.downbirdImg,this.slotX,this.slotY,this.birdH,this.birdW)
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
  }
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

小鸟飞行状态有三种：

翅膀在中间：0
翅膀在上：1
翅膀在下：2

3. 游戏逻辑

简单的小游戏主体游戏逻辑为：等待开始，开始，结束流程图如下：

graph LR
等待开始 --> click[点击]
click[点击] --> 游戏开始
游戏开始 --> 点击 --> |游戏开始|小鸟飞,水管动 --> |小鸟碰到水管| 游戏结束 --> 点击 --> |游戏结束| 等待开始
小鸟飞,水管动 --> |小鸟没碰到水管| 游戏继续 --> 点击
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

doClick() {
    switch (this.flappyState) {
      case 0:
        {
          // 开始
          this.flappyState = 1
          break
        }
      case 1:
        {
          //上下飞
          //        this.flappyState = 2
          this.slotY -= this.flyHeight
          console.log(this.slotY.toString())
          break
        }
      case 2:
        {
          //由结束到待开始
          this.flappyState = 0
          this.slotY = this.slotStartY
          this.pipeX = this.pipeStartX
          break
        }
      default:
        break
    }
    this.drawBlock()
  }
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.

4. 完整逻辑

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  @State message: string = 'Hello World'
  private baseImg:ImageBitmap = new ImageBitmap("common/images/base.png")
  private messageImg:ImageBitmap = new ImageBitmap("common/images/message.png")
  private zeroImg:ImageBitmap = new ImageBitmap("common/images/0.png")
  private gameoverImg:ImageBitmap = new ImageBitmap("common/images/gameover.png")
  private upbirdImg:ImageBitmap = new ImageBitmap("common/images/bluebirdupflap.png")
  private midbirdImg:ImageBitmap = new ImageBitmap("common/images/bluebirdmidflap.png")
  private downbirdImg:ImageBitmap = new ImageBitmap("common/images/bluebirddownflap.png")
  private pipegreenImg:ImageBitmap = new ImageBitmap("common/images/pipegreen.png")
  private settings: RenderingContextSettings = new RenderingContextSettings(true);
  private context: CanvasRenderingContext2D = new CanvasRenderingContext2D(this.settings);
  private flappyState: number = 0
  private startX = 30;
  private startY = 100;
  private slotStartY = 410;
  private slotX = 50;
  private slotY = this.slotStartY;
  private baseX = 0;
  private baseY = 650;
  private pipeStartX = 330;
  private pipeX = this.pipeStartX;
  private pipeY = 500;
  private birdH = 60;
  private birdW = 50;
  private birdTimer: number;
  private birdType: number = 0;
  private count = 1;
  private flyHeight = 20;
  private pipeMove = 10;


  drawBird() {
    switch(this.birdType) {
      case 0:
        this.context.drawImage( this.midbirdImg,this.slotX,this.slotY,this.birdH,this.birdW)
        break
      case 1:
        this.context.drawImage( this.upbirdImg,this.slotX,this.slotY,this.birdH,this.birdW)
        break;
      case 2:
        this.context.drawImage( this.downbirdImg,this.slotX,this.slotY,this.birdH,this.birdW)
        break;
      default:
        break;
    }
  }

  drawBlock() {
    this.context.clearRect(0,0,this.context.width,this.context.height)
    this.context.drawImage( this.baseImg,this.baseX,this.baseY,500,300)
    switch(this.flappyState) {
      case 0:
        this.context.drawImage( this.messageImg,this.startX,this.startY,300,500)
        this.drawBird()
        break;
      case 1:
        this.drawBird()
        this.context.drawImage( this.pipegreenImg,this.pipeX,this.pipeY,50,150)
        break;
      case 2:
        this.context.drawImage( this.gameoverImg,this.startX,this.startY*3,300,90)
        break
    }
  }

  doClick() {
    switch (this.flappyState) {
      case 0:
        {
          // 开始
          this.flappyState = 1
          break
        }
      case 1:
        {
          //上下飞
          //        this.flappyState = 2
          this.slotY -= this.flyHeight
          console.log(this.slotY.toString())
          break
        }
      case 2:
        {
          //由结束到待开始
          this.flappyState = 0
          this.slotY = this.slotStartY
          this.pipeX = this.pipeStartX
          break
        }
      default:
        break
    }
    this.drawBlock()
  }

  doFly(): void {
    console.log("dofly ------ !!")
    this.birdType += 1
    if (this.birdType/5 == 0) {
      this.message = "dofly ---555--- !!"
    }
  }

  async sleep(ms: number) {
    return new Promise((r) => {
      setInterval(() => {
        this.birdType += 1
        this.message = this.birdType.toString()
        if (this.birdType == 3) {
          this.birdType = 0
        }
        console.log(this.message)
        if (this.flappyState == 1) {
          this.pipeX -= this.pipeMove
          if (this.pipeX < 0) {
            this.pipeX = 330
          }
          this.slotY += this.flyHeight/5
        }

        if ((((this.pipeX-this.slotX) <= this.birdW) && ((this.pipeY-this.slotY) <= this.birdH)) ||
          this.pipeY >= this.baseY) {
          this.flappyState = 2
        }
        this.drawBlock()
      }, ms)
    })
  }

  aboutToDisappear() {
  }

  aboutToAppear() {
    this.sleep(200)
  }

  build() {
    Row() {
      Column() {
        Canvas(this.context)
          .width('100%')
          .height('100%')
          .onClick((ev: ClickEvent) => {
            console.info("click!!")
            this.doClick()
          })
          .onReady(() =>{
            this.context.imageSmoothingEnabled = false
            this.drawBlock()
          })
      }
      .width('100%')
    }
    .height('100%')
    .backgroundImage($r("app.media.backgroundday"))
    .backgroundImageSize(ImageSize.Cover)
  }
}
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.

遗留问题：

水管只在下层显示：可以在上层显示；
地面没有让动
游戏声音问题：目前ohos不支持音频播放资源音频，看之后版本是否支持
DevEcoy用setInterval重绘canvas会导致ide崩溃

5. 获取源码

见附件
https://gitee.com/wshikh/ohosflappybird

总结

本文主要介绍了小游戏的开发，画布功能的使用

©著作权归作者所有，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任

分类

OpenHarmony

标签

OpenHarmony

已于2022-11-14 16:34:15修改

3条回复

按时间正序

按时间倒序

红叶亦知秋

非常经典的小游戏，希望未来鸿蒙能支持更多的组件吧。

2022-11-14 10:15:40

liurick

没有上层水管感觉一下简单多了

2022-11-14 14:20:12

左翼风发

哈哈，没那么压抑，是不是有天高任鸟飞的感觉，

2022-11-14 15:40:40

51CTO

51CTO博客

51CTO学堂

#跟着小白一起学鸿蒙# [番外]一起学做FlappyBird 原创精华

#跟着小白一起学鸿蒙# [番外]一起学做FlappyBird

简介

开发

1. HAP应用建立

2. Canvas介绍

2.1 初始化页面数据

2.2 绘制Bird

3. 游戏逻辑

4. 完整逻辑

5. 获取源码

总结

目录

订阅鸿蒙技术特刊，精选内容抢先看

51CTO

51CTO博客

51CTO学堂

#跟着小白一起学鸿蒙# [番外]一起学做FlappyBird 原创 精华

#跟着小白一起学鸿蒙# [番外]一起学做FlappyBird

简介

开发

1. HAP应用建立

2. Canvas介绍

2.1 初始化页面数据

2.2 绘制Bird

3. 游戏逻辑

4. 完整逻辑

5. 获取源码

总结

目录

订阅鸿蒙技术特刊，精选内容抢先看

#跟着小白一起学鸿蒙# [番外]一起学做FlappyBird 原创精华