《Spring核心技术》第4章:深度解析从IOC容器中获取Bean的过程

commonli
发布于 2023-4-27 15:40
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一、学习指引

​你了解过从Spring IOC容器中获取Bean的过程吗?​

学习过Spring的小伙伴都知道:如果是单实例Bean,则IOC容器启动时,就会创建Bean对象,IOC容器关闭时,销毁Bean对象。如果是多实例Bean,IOC容器在启动时,不会创建Bean对象,在每次从IOC容器中获取Bean对象时,都会创建新的Bean对象返回,IOC容器关闭时,也不会销毁对象。也就是说,如果是多实例Bean,IOC容器不会管理Bean对象。

那从IOC容器中获取Bean的具体过程是怎样的呢?想深度学习Spring源码的小伙伴继续往下看。

二、测试案例

​整个调试Spring6.0源码的案例玩玩儿呗?​

本章的案例比较简单,只是实现一个用于调试源码的小案例,具体的实现步骤如下所示。

(1)创建配置类BeanConfig

BeanConfig类的源码详见:spring-annotation-chapter-04工程下的io.binghe.spring.annotation.chapter04.config.BeanConfig。

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "io.binghe.spring.annotation.chapter04")
public class BeanConfig {
}

可以看到,在BeanConfig类上标注了@Configuration注解,说明BeanConfig类是Spring的配置类,使用@ComponentScan注解标注了扫描的包是​​io.binghe.spring.annotation.chapter04​​。

(2)创建测试类BeanTest

BeanTest类的源码详见:spring-annotation-chapter-04工程下的io.binghe.spring.annotation.chapter04.BeanTest。

public class BeanTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(BeanConfig.class);
        context.close();
    }
}

可以看到,在BeanTest类中只是简单的使用AnnotationConfigApplicationContext类创建IOC容器,并关闭IOC容器。

好了,测试案例准备好了,接下来,就一步步分析从IOC容器中获取Bean的过程。

三、源码时序图

​结合时序图理解源码会事半功倍,你觉得呢?​

其实,经过前面章节的学习,细心的小伙伴在调试Spring源码的过程中会发现,在Spring的AbstractApplicationContext类中的refresh()方法中,会调用invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()方法,就是在这个invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()方法中后续的调用过程中,会调用beanFactory对象的getBean()方法来获取Bean对象。本章,就一起分析从invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()方法中获取Bean对象的过程。

从IOC容器中获取Bean的过程的源码时序图如图4-1和4-2所示。

《Spring核心技术》第4章:深度解析从IOC容器中获取Bean的过程-鸿蒙开发者社区

图4-1

《Spring核心技术》第4章:深度解析从IOC容器中获取Bean的过程-鸿蒙开发者社区

图4-2

由图4-1和图4-2可以看出,从IOC容器中获取Bean的过程会涉及到BeanTest类、AnnotationConfigApplicationContext类、AbstractApplicationContext类、PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate类、AbstractBeanFactory类、DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry类和AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类。具体的源码执行细节参见源码解析部分。

四、源码解析

​源码时序图整清楚了,那就整源码解析呗!​

从IOC容器中获取Bean的过程的源码执行流程,结合源码执行的时序图,会理解的更加深刻。

(1)运行案例程序启动类

案例程序启动类源码详见:spring-annotation-chapter-04工程下的io.binghe.spring.annotation.chapter04.BeanTest,运行BeanTest类的main()方法。

在BeanTest类的main()方法中调用了AnnotationConfigApplicationContext类的构造方法,并传入了ComponentScanConfig类的Class对象来创建IOC容器。接下来,会进入AnnotationConfigApplicationContext类的构造方法。

(2)解析AnnotationConfigApplicationContext类的AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class<?>... componentClasses)构造方法

源码详见:org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext#AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class<?>... componentClasses)。

public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class<?>... componentClasses) {
    this();
    register(componentClasses);
    refresh();
}

可以看到,在上述构造方法中,调用了refresh()方法来刷新IOC容器。

(3)解析AbstractApplicationContext类的refresh()方法

源码详见:org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#refresh()。

@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
    synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
        //############省略其他代码##############
        try {
            //############省略其他代码##############
            invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
           //############省略其他代码##############
        }catch (BeansException ex) {
            //############省略其他代码##############
        }finally {
            //############省略其他代码##############
        }
    }
}

refresh()方法是Spring中一个非常重要的方法,很多重要的功能和特性都是通过refresh()方法进行注入的。可以看到,在refresh()方法中,调用了invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()方法。

(4)解析AbstractApplicationContext类的invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory)方法

源码详见:org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory)。

protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
    PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());
    if (!NativeDetector.inNativeImage() && beanFactory.getTempClassLoader() == null && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
        beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
        beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
    }
}

可以看到,在AbstractApplicationContext类的invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()方法中调用了PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate类的invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()方法。

(5)解析PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate类的invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, ListbeanFactoryPostProcessors)方法

源码详见:org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, ListbeanFactoryPostProcessors)。

由于方法的源码比较长,这里,只关注当前最核心的逻辑,如下所示。

public static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(
    ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors) {

    //############省略其他代码##############
    List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> currentRegistryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();

    // First, invoke the BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
    String[] postProcessorNames =
        beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
    for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
        if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
            currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
            processedBeans.add(ppName);
        }
    }
    sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
    registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
    invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry, beanFactory.getApplicationStartup());
    currentRegistryProcessors.clear();

    // Next, invoke the BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
    postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
    for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
        if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
            currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
            processedBeans.add(ppName);
        }
    }
    sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
    registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
    invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry, beanFactory.getApplicationStartup());
    currentRegistryProcessors.clear();

    // Finally, invoke all other BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors until no further ones appear.
    boolean reiterate = true;
    while (reiterate) {
        reiterate = false;
        postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
        for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
            if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
                currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
                processedBeans.add(ppName);
                reiterate = true;
            }
        }
        sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
        registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
        invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry, beanFactory.getApplicationStartup());
        currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
    }
    //############省略其他代码##############
}

可以看到,在PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate类的invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, ListbeanFactoryPostProcessors)方法中,有多处通过beanFactory对象的getBean()方法获取Bean对象的代码。

(6)解析AbstractBeanFactory类的getBean(String name, ClassrequiredType)方法

源码详见org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory#getBean(String name, ClassrequiredType)。

@Override
public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
    return doGetBean(name, requiredType, null, false);
}

可以看到,getBean()方法调用了doGetBean()方法。

(7)解析AbstractBeanFactory类的doGetBean(String name, ClassrequiredType, Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)方法

源码详见:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory#doGetBean(String name, @Nullable ClassrequiredType, @Nullable Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)。

protected <T> T doGetBean(
    String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType, @Nullable Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
    throws BeansException {

    String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
    Object beanInstance;

    // Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
    Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
    if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
                             "' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
            }
            else {
                logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
            }
        }
        beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
    }

    else {
        if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
            throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
        }

        BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
        if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
            // Not found -> check parent.
            String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
            if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory abf) {
                return abf.doGetBean(nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
            }
            else if (args != null) {
                // Delegation to parent with explicit args.
                return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
            }
            else if (requiredType != null) {
                // No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
                return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
            }
            else {
                return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
            }
        }

        if (!typeCheckOnly) {
            markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
        }

        StartupStep beanCreation = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.beans.instantiate")
            .tag("beanName", name);
        try {
            if (requiredType != null) {
                beanCreation.tag("beanType", requiredType::toString);
            }
            RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
            checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

            // Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
            String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
            if (dependsOn != null) {
                for (String dep : dependsOn) {
                    if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
                        throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                                        "Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
                    }
                    registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
                    try {
                        getBean(dep);
                    }
                    catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
                        throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                                        "'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
                    }
                }
            }

            // Create bean instance.
            if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
                sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
                    try {
                        return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                    }
                    catch (BeansException ex) {
                        destroySingleton(beanName);
                        throw ex;
                    }
                });
                beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
            }

            else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
                // It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
                Object prototypeInstance = null;
                try {
                    beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                    prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                }
                finally {
                    afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                }
                beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
            }

            else {
                String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
                if (!StringUtils.hasLength(scopeName)) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("No scope name defined for bean '" + beanName + "'");
                }
                Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
                if (scope == null) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
                }
                try {
                    Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
                        beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                        try {
                            return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                        }
                        finally {
                            afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                        }
                    });
                    beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                }
                catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
                    throw new ScopeNotActiveException(beanName, scopeName, ex);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (BeansException ex) {
            beanCreation.tag("exception", ex.getClass().toString());
            beanCreation.tag("message", String.valueOf(ex.getMessage()));
            cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
            throw ex;
        }
        finally {
            beanCreation.end();
        }
    }

    return adaptBeanInstance(name, beanInstance, requiredType);
}

doGetBean()方法的源码比较长,也是一个非常重要的方法,方法的大体流程如下所示。

  • 先通过transformedBeanName()方法转换bean的名称,这里可能是FactoryBean的名称(&开头),需要转成不带&开头的名称,如果有别名,再获取别名。
  • 从缓存中获取bean,这里的缓存分为一二三级缓存,也就是spring的三级缓存。
  • 根据获取到的对象再去获取想要的Bean,因为这里获取到的对象可能是需要的Bean,也可能是FactoryBean(工厂Bean)。
  • 如果缓存中没有,就去创建Bean对象。
  • 查看有没有父类的BeanFactory,如果有,那么就使用父类去创建Bean对象。
  • 获取要创建的Bean对象的@DependsOn注解上的名称,先去创建DependsOn的Bean,并且校验是否存在循环引用。
  • 创建Bean,根据类型创建不同的Bean,比如singleton,prototype,request,session等。
  • 如果需要转换类型,则进行类型转换。如果不需要转换类型,就不转换类型。

本章后续的源码解析部分,都是以doGetBean()方法作为基础进行解析的。

(8)解析DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry类的getSingleton(String beanName)方法

源码详见:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry#getSingleton(String beanName)

@Override
@Nullable
public Object getSingleton(String beanName) {
    return getSingleton(beanName, true);
}

可以看到,在getSingleton()方法中调用了另一个getSingleton()方法。

(9)解析DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry类的getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference)方法

源码详见:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry#getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference)。

@Nullable
protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {
    // Quick check for existing instance without full singleton lock
    Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
    if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
        singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
        if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {
            synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
                // Consistent creation of early reference within full singleton lock
                singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
                if (singletonObject == null) {
                    singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
                    if (singletonObject == null) {
                        ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);
                        if (singletonFactory != null) {
                            singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
                            this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
                            this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return singletonObject;
}

在Spring中,这个getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference)方法是个非常重要的方法,这个方法中使用了Spring的三级缓存,在后续的文章中,还会对这个方法进行深度解析。这里,先给大家介绍下Spring的三级缓存。

  • singletonObjects:一级缓存,实例化的Bean都会存储在这个Map集合中。
  • earlySingletonObjects:二级缓存,存放未完成的bean的缓存,如果有代理的话,存放的是代理对象。
  • singletonFactories:三级缓存,存放的是一个ObjectFactory,数据通过getObject方法获得。

(10)解析AbstractBeanFactory类的getObjectForBeanInstance(Object beanInstance, String name, String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd)方法

源码详见:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory#getObjectForBeanInstance(Object beanInstance, String name, String beanName, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd)。

protected Object getObjectForBeanInstance(
    Object beanInstance, String name, String beanName, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
    //name是否是以&开头
    if (BeanFactoryUtils.isFactoryDereference(name)) {
        if (beanInstance instanceof NullBean) {
            return beanInstance;
        }
        if (!(beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean)) {
            throw new BeanIsNotAFactoryException(beanName, beanInstance.getClass());
        }
        if (mbd != null) {
            mbd.isFactoryBean = true;
        }
        return beanInstance;
    }
 //如果bean不是FactoryBean,直接返回beanInstance
    if (!(beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean<?> factoryBean)) {
        return beanInstance;
    }

    Object object = null;
    if (mbd != null) {
        mbd.isFactoryBean = true;
    }
    else {
        //从缓存中获取对象
        object = getCachedObjectForFactoryBean(beanName);
    }
    if (object == null) {
        if (mbd == null && containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
            mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
        }
        boolean synthetic = (mbd != null && mbd.isSynthetic());
        //通过FactoryBean获取需要的beanInstance
        object = getObjectFromFactoryBean(factoryBean, beanName, !synthetic);
    }
    return object;
}

整个getObjectForBeanInstance()方法的源码还算是比较简单,大家多看几遍就能理解。这里,给大家说明下大体的流程。

  • 首先判断name是不是FactoryBean的name,也就是&开头的name,如果beanInstance不是FactoryBean则抛异常。
  • 如果name是FactoryBeanName,那么需要获取的就是FactoryBean,直接返回对象。
  • 如果都没有返回,那么已经可以确定此时已经可以确定beanInstance是FactoryBean了,因为如果不是FactoryBean在(beanInstance instanceof FactoryBean)就已经返回了。
  • 通过FactoryBean的getObject方法获取需要的Bean实例。

(11)解析DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry类的getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory)方法。

源码详见:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry#getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory)。

public Object getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {
    Assert.notNull(beanName, "Bean name must not be null");
    synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
        Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
        if (singletonObject == null) {
            if (this.singletonsCurrentlyInDestruction) {
                //#########省略异常代码################
            }
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Creating shared instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
            }
            beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
            boolean newSingleton = false;
            boolean recordSuppressedExceptions = (this.suppressedExceptions == null);
            if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
                this.suppressedExceptions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
            }
            try {
                //获取创建的bean
                singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
                newSingleton = true;
            }
            catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
                singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
                if (singletonObject == null) {
                    throw ex;
                }
            }
            catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
                if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
                    for (Exception suppressedException : this.suppressedExceptions) {
                        ex.addRelatedCause(suppressedException);
                    }
                }
                throw ex;
            }
            finally {
                if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
                    this.suppressedExceptions = null;
                }
                afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
            }
            if (newSingleton) {
                //将创建的Bean对象加到一级缓存中
                addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);
            }
        }
        return singletonObject;
    }
}

在上述getSingleton()方法中,传入了一个beanName和一个singletonFactory来创建单实例Bean对象,ObjectFactory类中封装了创建Bean的具体逻辑。在上述getSingleton()方法中,创建Bean对象之前调用了 beforeSingletonCreation()方法,在创建对象之后调用了afterSingletonCreation()方法。两个方法的源码如下所示。

protected void beforeSingletonCreation(String beanName) {
    if (!this.inCreationCheckExclusions.contains(beanName) && !this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.add(beanName)) {
        throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
    }
}

protected void afterSingletonCreation(String beanName) {
    if (!this.inCreationCheckExclusions.contains(beanName) && !this.singletonsCurrentlyInCreation.remove(beanName)) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("Singleton '" + beanName + "' isn't currently in creation");
    }
}

可以看到,beforeSingletonCreation()方法和afterSingletonCreation()方法的执行逻辑比较简单,这里不再赘述。

(12)回到AbstractBeanFactory类的doGetBean(String name, ClassrequiredType, Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)方法,这里重点看如下代码片段。

if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
    sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
        try {
            return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
        }
        catch (BeansException ex) {
            destroySingleton(beanName);
            throw ex;
        }
    });
    beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}

可以看到,调用了createBean()方法来创建Bean对象。

(13)解析AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类的createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args)方法

源码详见:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)

@Override
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
    throws BeanCreationException {
 //##############省略其他代码############
    try {
        Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
        }
        return beanInstance;
    }
   //##############省略其他代码############
}

在createBean()方法中,只是做了一些准备工作,并没有真正的创建Bean对象,真正创建Bean对象是在doCreateBean()方法中完成的。

(14)解析AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类的doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args)方法

源码详见:org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory#doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)。

protected Object doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
    throws BeanCreationException {

    BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
    if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
        instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
    }
    if (instanceWrapper == null) {
        instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
    }
    Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
    Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
    if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
        mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
    }

    synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
        if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
            try {
                applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
            }
            catch (Throwable ex) {
                throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                                "Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
            }
            mbd.markAsPostProcessed();
        }
    }

    boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
                                      isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
    if (earlySingletonExposure) {
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
                         "' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
        }
        addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
    }

    // Initialize the bean instance.
    Object exposedObject = bean;
    try {
        populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
        exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
        if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException bce && beanName.equals(bce.getBeanName())) {
            throw bce;
        }
        else {
            throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, ex.getMessage(), ex);
        }
    }

    if (earlySingletonExposure) {
        Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
        if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
            if (exposedObject == bean) {
                exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
            }
            else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
                String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
                Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
                for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
                    if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
                        actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
                    }
                }
                if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
                    //###############省略异常代码#################
                }
            }
        }
    }

    try {
        registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
    }
    catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
        throw new BeanCreationException(
            mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
    }

    return exposedObject;
}

doCreateBean()方法的逻辑看上去还是挺复杂的。大体的流程如下所示。

  • 调用createBeanInstance()方法创建bean。
  • 调用属于applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors()方法。对Bean进行一些处理。
  • 将bean加入到三级缓存中。
  • 填充Bean需要注入的其他Bean对象。
  • 调用初始化方法,先去调用@PostConstruct注解方法,然后调用InitializingBean的afterPropertiesSet,以及自定义的init-method方法。在Bean调用初始化方法之后,再去调用后置处理器接口检测是否需要生成Aop代理。
  • 接着进行校验。这里稍微比较复杂一点。如果从二级缓存能取到,那就说明之前已经从三级缓存获取过。可能是因为循环依赖,也可能是因为别的地方调用了getBean方法。从三级缓存获取时有个getEarlyBeanReference()的方法,就是查看是否要生成代理的bean。如果已经生成代理的Bean,那么在调用初始化方法时,就不会在生成代理Bean了。这样满足exposedObject ==bean,直接只用代理返回。
  • 如果exposedObject和bean不相等:这里的情况就是:如果是spring的@Async注解,在从二级缓存生成代理之后,再去调用初始化方法时,一样会生成代理。所以此时exposedObject不等于bean,再往下发现有循环调用,并且Bean还在创建时,就会抛出异常。

至此,从IOC容器中获取Bean的大体流程分析完毕。

五、总结

​从IOC容器中获取Bean的大体流程分析完了,总结下吧?​

本章,主要对从IOC容器中获取Bean的过程进行了简单的介绍。首先,通过一个测试案例来引出调试源码的过程,随后,结合源码执行的时序图详细分析了从IOC容器中获取Bean的过程源码。

六、思考

​既然学完了,就开始思考几个问题吧?​

  • Spring为何会有循环依赖的问题?
  • Spring如何解决循环依赖问题?
  • Spring为何使用三级缓存解决循环依赖问题?使用二级缓存不行吗?为什么?
  • Spring中为何把创建Bean对象设计的如此复杂?你觉得是出于哪方面的考虑呢?
  • 从Spring的设计中,你学到了什么?


本文转载自公众号:冰河技术

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已于2023-4-27 15:43:45修改
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