【夜莺监控】管理Kubernetes组件指标（下篇）

卡瓦格博之巅

发布于 2023-8-4 15:17

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Etcd

Etcd 是 Kubernetes 的存储中心，所有资源信息都是存在在其中，它通过2381端口对外提供监控指标。

指标采集

由于我这里的 Etcd 是通过静态 Pod 的方式部署到 Kubernetes 集群中的，所以依然使用 Prometheus Agent 来采集指标。

（1）配置 Prometheus 的采集配置

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-agent-conf
  labels:
    name: prometheus-agent-conf
  namespace: flashcat
data:
  prometheus.yml: |-
    global:
      scrape_interval: 15s
      evaluation_interval: 15s
    scrape_configs:
      - job_name: 'apiserver'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: default;kubernetes;https

      - job_name: 'controller-manager'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;kube-controller-manager;https-metrics
      - job_name: 'scheduler'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;kube-scheduler;https
      - job_name: 'etcd'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: http
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;etcd;http
    remote_write:
    - url: 'http://192.168.205.143:17000/prometheus/v1/write'

然后增加 Etcd 的 Service 配置。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  namespace: kube-system
  name: etcd
  labels:
    k8s-app: etcd
spec:
  selector:
    component: etcd
  type: ClusterIP
  clusterIP: None
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 2381
      targetPort: 2381
      protocol: TCP

部署 YAML 文件，并重启 Prometheus。如果获取不到指标，需要修改 Etcd 的listen-metrics-urls配置为0.0.0.0。

【夜莺监控】管理Kubernetes组件指标（下篇） -开源基础软件社区

导入监控大盘（https://github.com/flashcatcloud/categraf/blob/main/k8s/etcd-dash.json）。

【夜莺监控】管理Kubernetes组件指标（下篇） -开源基础软件社区

指标简介

指标清单


指标	类型	说明
cpu_utilization_core	Gauge	CPU 使用量，单位：核（Core）。
cpu_utilization_ratio	Gauge	CPU 使用率=CPU 使用量/内存资源上限，百分比形式。
etcd_server_has_leader	Gauge	etcd member 是否有 Leader。

1：表示有主节点。
0：表示没有主节点。 | | etcd_server_is_leader | Gauge | etcd member 是否是 Leader。
1：表示是。
0：表示不是。 | | etcd_server_leader_changes_seen_total | Counter | etcd member 过去一段时间切主次数。 | | etcd_mvcc_db_total_size_in_bytes | Gauge | etcd member db 总大小。 | | etcd_mvcc_db_total_size_in_use_in_bytes | Gauge | etcd member db 实际使用大小。 | | etcd_disk_backend_commit_duration_seconds_bucket | Histogram | etcd backend commit 延时。 Bucket 列表为：[0.001 0.002 0.004 0.008 0.016 0.032 0.064 0.128 0.256 0.512 1.024 2.048 4.096 8.192]。 | | etcd_debugging_mvcc_keys_total | Gauge | etcd keys 总数。 | | etcd_server_proposals_committed_total | Gauge | raft proposals commit 提交总数。 | | etcd_server_proposals_applied_total | Gauge | raft proposals apply 总数。 | | etcd_server_proposals_pending | Gauge | raft proposals 排队数量。 | | etcd_server_proposals_failed_total | Counter | raft proposals 失败数量。 | | memory_utilization_byte | Gauge | 内存使用量，单位：字节（Byte）。 | | memory_utilization_ratio | Gauge | 内存使用率=内存使用量/内存资源上限，百分比形式。 |

基础指标


名称	PromQL	说明
etcd 存活状态

etcd_server_has_leader
etcd_server_is_leader == 1 |
etcd member 是否存活，正常值为 3。
etcd member 是否是主节点，正常情况下，必须有一个 Member 为主节点。 | |过去一天切主次数 | changes(etcd_server_leader_changes_seen_totaljob="etcd"}[1d])过去一天内 etcd 集群切主次数。 | | 内存使用量 | memory_utilization_byte{container="etcd"| 内存使用量，单位：字节。 | | CPU 使用量 | cpu_utilization_corecontainer="etcd"}*1000CPU 使用量，单位：毫核。 | | 内存使用率 | memory_utilization_ratio{container="etcd"| 内存使用率，百分比。 | | CPU 使用率 | cpu_utilization_ratio{container="etcd"} | CPU 使用率，百分比。 | | 磁盘大小 |
etcd_mvcc_db_total_size_in_bytes
etcd_mvcc_db_total_size_in_use_in_bytes |
etcd backend db 总大小。
etcd backend db 实际使用大小。 | |kv 总数 | etcd_debugging_mvcc_keys_total | etcd 集群 kv 对总数。 | | backend commit 延迟 | histogram_quantile(0.99, sum(rate(etcd_disk_backend_commit_duration_seconds_bucket{job="etcd"}[5m])) by (instance, le)) | db commit 时延。 | | raft proposal 情况 |
rate(etcd_server_proposals_failed_total{job="etcd"}[1m])
etcd_server_proposals_pending{job="etcd"}
etcd_server_proposals_committed_total{job="etcd"} - etcd_server_proposals_applied_total{job="etcd"} |
raft proposal failed 速率（分钟）。
raft proposal pending 总数。
commit-apply 差值。 |

kubelet

kubelet 工作节点的主要组件，它监听两个端口：10248和10250。10248是监控检测端口，10250是系统默认端口，通过它的/metrics接口暴露指标。

指标采集

这里依然通过 Prometheus Agent 的方式采集 kubelet 的指标。

（1）修改 Prometheus 的配置文件

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-agent-conf
  labels:
    name: prometheus-agent-conf
  namespace: flashcat
data:
  prometheus.yml: |-
    global:
      scrape_interval: 15s
      evaluation_interval: 15s
    scrape_configs:
      - job_name: 'apiserver'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: default;kubernetes;https

      - job_name: 'controller-manager'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;kube-controller-manager;https-metrics
      - job_name: 'scheduler'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;kube-scheduler;https
      - job_name: 'etcd'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: http
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;etcd;http
      - job_name: 'kubelet'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;kube-kubelet;https

    remote_write:
    - url: 'http://192.168.205.143:17000/prometheus/v1/write'

然后配置 kubelet 的 Service 和 Endpoints，如下：

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubelet
  name: kube-kubelet
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  clusterIP: None
  ports:
    - name: https
      port: 10250
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: 10250
  sessionAffinity: None
  type: ClusterIP
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Endpoints
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubelet
  name: kube-kubelet
  namespace: kube-system
subsets:
  - addresses:
      - ip: 192.168.205.128
      - ip: 192.168.205.130
    ports:
      - name: https
        port: 10250
        protocol: TCP

这里是自定义的 Endpoints，添加了需要监控的节点。

然后部署 YAML 文件并重启 Prometheus Agent，即可在夜莺 UI 中查询到具体的指标。

【夜莺监控】管理Kubernetes组件指标（下篇） -开源基础软件社区

导入监控大盘（https://github.com/flashcatcloud/categraf/blob/main/inputs/kubelet/dashboard-by-ident.json）。

【夜莺监控】管理Kubernetes组件指标（下篇） -开源基础软件社区

指标简介

指标清单

# HELP go_gc_duration_seconds A summary of the pause duration of garbage collection cycles.
# TYPE go_gc_duration_seconds summary
gc的时间统计（summary指标）

# HELP go_goroutines Number of goroutines that currently exist.
# TYPE go_goroutines gauge
goroutine 数量

# HELP go_threads Number of OS threads created.
# TYPE go_threads gauge
os的线程数量


# HELP kubelet_cgroup_manager_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Duration in seconds for cgroup manager operations. Broken down by method.
# TYPE kubelet_cgroup_manager_duration_seconds histogram
操作cgroup的时长分布，按照操作类型统计

# HELP kubelet_containers_per_pod_count [ALPHA] The number of containers per pod.
# TYPE kubelet_containers_per_pod_count histogram
pod中container数量的统计(spec.containers的数量)


# HELP kubelet_docker_operations_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Latency in seconds of Docker operations. Broken down by operation type.
# TYPE kubelet_docker_operations_duration_seconds histogram
操作docker的时长分布，按照操作类型统计

# HELP kubelet_docker_operations_errors_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of Docker operation errors by operation type.
# TYPE kubelet_docker_operations_errors_total counter
操作docker的错误累计次数，按照操作类型统计

# HELP kubelet_docker_operations_timeout_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of Docker operation timeout by operation type.
# TYPE kubelet_docker_operations_timeout_total counter
操作docker的超时统计，按照操作类型统计

# HELP kubelet_docker_operations_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of Docker operations by operation type.
# TYPE kubelet_docker_operations_total counter
操作docker的累计次数，按照操作类型统计

# HELP kubelet_eviction_stats_age_seconds [ALPHA] Time between when stats are collected, and when pod is evicted based on those stats by eviction signal
# TYPE kubelet_eviction_stats_age_seconds histogram
驱逐操作的时间分布，按照驱逐信号(原因)分类统计

# HELP kubelet_evictions [ALPHA] Cumulative number of pod evictions by eviction signal
# TYPE kubelet_evictions counter
驱逐次数统计，按照驱逐信号（原因）统计

# HELP kubelet_http_inflight_requests [ALPHA] Number of the inflight http requests
# TYPE kubelet_http_inflight_requests gauge
请求kubelet的inflight请求数,按照method path server_type统计
注意与每秒的request数区别开

# HELP kubelet_http_requests_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Duration in seconds to serve http requests
# TYPE kubelet_http_requests_duration_seconds histogram
请求kubelet的请求时间统计,按照method path server_type统计

# HELP kubelet_http_requests_total [ALPHA] Number of the http requests received since the server started
# TYPE kubelet_http_requests_total counter
请求kubelet的请求数统计,按照method path server_type统计

# HELP kubelet_managed_ephemeral_containers [ALPHA] Current number of ephemeral containers in pods managed by this kubelet. Ephemeral containers will be ignored if disabled by the EphemeralContainers feature gate, and this number will be 0.
# TYPE kubelet_managed_ephemeral_containers gauge
当前kubelet管理的临时容器数量

# HELP kubelet_network_plugin_operations_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Latency in seconds of network plugin operations. Broken down by operation type.
# TYPE kubelet_network_plugin_operations_duration_seconds histogram
网络插件的操作耗时分布 ，按照操作类型(operation_type)统计
如果 --feature-gates=EphemeralContainers=false，否则一直为0

# HELP kubelet_network_plugin_operations_errors_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of network plugin operation errors by operation type.
# TYPE kubelet_network_plugin_operations_errors_total counter
网络插件累计操作错误数统计，按照操作类型(operation_type)统计

# HELP kubelet_network_plugin_operations_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of network plugin operations by operation type.
# TYPE kubelet_network_plugin_operations_total counter
网络插件累计操作数统计，按照操作类型(operation_type)统计

# HELP kubelet_node_name [ALPHA] The node's name. The count is always 1.
# TYPE kubelet_node_name gauge
node name

# HELP kubelet_pleg_discard_events [ALPHA] The number of discard events in PLEG.
# TYPE kubelet_pleg_discard_events counter
PLEG(pod lifecycle event generator) 丢弃的event数统计

# HELP kubelet_pleg_last_seen_seconds [ALPHA] Timestamp in seconds when PLEG was last seen active.
# TYPE kubelet_pleg_last_seen_seconds gauge
PLEG上次活跃的时间戳

# HELP kubelet_pleg_relist_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Duration in seconds for relisting pods in PLEG.
# TYPE kubelet_pleg_relist_duration_seconds histogram
PLEG relist pod时间分布

# HELP kubelet_pleg_relist_interval_seconds [ALPHA] Interval in seconds between relisting in PLEG.
# TYPE kubelet_pleg_relist_interval_seconds histogram
PLEG relist 间隔时间分布

# HELP kubelet_pod_start_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Duration in seconds for a single pod to go from pending to running.
# TYPE kubelet_pod_start_duration_seconds histogram
pod启动时间(从pending到running)分布
kubelet watch到pod时到pod中contianer都running后
（watch各种source channel的pod变更）

# HELP kubelet_pod_worker_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Duration in seconds to sync a single pod. Broken down by operation type: create, update, or sync
# TYPE kubelet_pod_worker_duration_seconds histogram
pod状态变化的时间分布， 按照操作类型（create update sync）统计
worker就是kubelet中处理一个pod的逻辑工作单位

# HELP kubelet_pod_worker_start_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Duration in seconds from seeing a pod to starting a worker.
# TYPE kubelet_pod_worker_start_duration_seconds histogram
kubelet watch到pod到worker启动的时间分布

# HELP kubelet_run_podsandbox_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Duration in seconds of the run_podsandbox operations. Broken down by RuntimeClass.Handler.
# TYPE kubelet_run_podsandbox_duration_seconds histogram
启动sandbox的时间分布

# HELP kubelet_run_podsandbox_errors_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of the run_podsandbox operation errors by RuntimeClass.Handler.
# TYPE kubelet_run_podsandbox_errors_total counter
启动sanbox出现error的总数

# HELP kubelet_running_containers [ALPHA] Number of containers currently running
# TYPE kubelet_running_containers gauge
当前containers运行状态的统计
按照container状态统计，created running exited

# HELP kubelet_running_pods [ALPHA] Number of pods that have a running pod sandbox
# TYPE kubelet_running_pods gauge
当前处于running状态pod数量

# HELP kubelet_runtime_operations_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Duration in seconds of runtime operations. Broken down by operation type.
# TYPE kubelet_runtime_operations_duration_seconds histogram
容器运行时的操作耗时
(container在create list exec remove stop等的耗时)

# HELP kubelet_runtime_operations_errors_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of runtime operation errors by operation type.
# TYPE kubelet_runtime_operations_errors_total counter
容器运行时的操作错误数统计(按操作类型统计)

# HELP kubelet_runtime_operations_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of runtime operations by operation type.
# TYPE kubelet_runtime_operations_total counter
容器运行时的操作总数统计(按操作类型统计)

# HELP kubelet_started_containers_errors_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of errors when starting containers
# TYPE kubelet_started_containers_errors_total counter
kubelet启动容器错误总数统计(按code和container_type统计)
code包括ErrImagePull ErrImageInspect ErrImagePull ErrRegistryUnavailable ErrInvalidImageName等
container_type一般为"container" "podsandbox"

# HELP kubelet_started_containers_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of containers started
# TYPE kubelet_started_containers_total counter
kubelet启动容器总数

# HELP kubelet_started_pods_errors_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of errors when starting pods
# TYPE kubelet_started_pods_errors_total counter
kubelet启动pod遇到的错误总数(只有创建sandbox遇到错误才会统计）

# HELP kubelet_started_pods_total [ALPHA] Cumulative number of pods started
# TYPE kubelet_started_pods_total counter
kubelet启动的pod总数

# HELP process_cpu_seconds_total Total user and system CPU time spent in seconds.
# TYPE process_cpu_seconds_total counter
统计cpu使用率

# HELP process_max_fds Maximum number of open file descriptors.
# TYPE process_max_fds gauge
允许进程打开的最大fd数

# HELP process_open_fds Number of open file descriptors.
# TYPE process_open_fds gauge
当前打开的fd数量

# HELP process_resident_memory_bytes Resident memory size in bytes.
# TYPE process_resident_memory_bytes gauge
进程驻留内存大小

# HELP process_start_time_seconds Start time of the process since unix epoch in seconds.
# TYPE process_start_time_seconds gauge
进程启动时间

# HELP rest_client_request_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Request latency in seconds. Broken down by verb and URL.
# TYPE rest_client_request_duration_seconds histogram
请求apiserver的耗时统计(按照url和请求类型统计verb)

# HELP rest_client_requests_total [ALPHA] Number of HTTP requests, partitioned by status code, method, and host.
# TYPE rest_client_requests_total counter
请求apiserver的总次数(按照返回码code和请求类型method统计)

# HELP storage_operation_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Storage operation duration
# TYPE storage_operation_duration_seconds histogram
存储操作耗时(按照存储plugin(configmap emptydir hostpath 等 )和operation_name分类统计)
# HELP volume_manager_total_volumes [ALPHA] Number of volumes in Volume Manager
# TYPE volume_manager_total_volumes gauge
本机挂载的volume数量统计(按照plugin_name和state统计
plugin_name包括"host-path" "empty-dir" "configmap" "projected")
state(desired_state_of_world期状态/actual_state_of_world实际状态）

KubeProxy

KubeProxy 主要负责节点的网络管理，它在每个节点都会存在，是通过10249端口暴露监控指标。

指标采集

（1）配置 Prometheus 配置

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-agent-conf
  labels:
    name: prometheus-agent-conf
  namespace: flashcat
data:
  prometheus.yml: |-
    global:
      scrape_interval: 15s
      evaluation_interval: 15s
    scrape_configs:
      - job_name: 'apiserver'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: default;kubernetes;https

      - job_name: 'controller-manager'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;kube-controller-manager;https-metrics
      - job_name: 'scheduler'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;kube-scheduler;https
      - job_name: 'etcd'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: http
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;etcd;http
      - job_name: 'kubelet'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: https
        tls_config:
          insecure_skip_verify: true
        authorization:
          credentials_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;kube-kubelet;https
      - job_name: 'kube-proxy'
        kubernetes_sd_configs:
        - role: endpoints
        scheme: http
        relabel_configs:
        - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
          action: keep
          regex: kube-system;kube-proxy;http

    remote_write:
    - url: 'http://192.168.205.143:17000/prometheus/v1/write'

然后配置 KubeProxy 的 Service。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: proxy
  name: kube-proxy
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  clusterIP: None
  selector:
    k8s-app: kube-proxy
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 10249
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: 10249
  sessionAffinity: None
  type: ClusterIP

将 YAML 文件部署到集群中并重启 Prometheus Agent。然后就可以看到其监控指标了（如果没有采集到指标，查看 kube-proxy 的10249端口是否绑定到127.0.0.1了，如果是就修改成0.0.0.0，通过kubectl edit cm -n kube-system kube-proxy修改metricsBindAddress即可。）。

【夜莺监控】管理Kubernetes组件指标（下篇） -开源基础软件社区

导入监控大盘（https://github.com/flashcatcloud/categraf/blob/main/inputs/kube_proxy/dashboard-by-ident.json）。

【夜莺监控】管理Kubernetes组件指标（下篇） -开源基础软件社区

指标简介

指标清单

# HELP go_gc_duration_seconds A summary of the pause duration of garbage collection cycles.
# TYPE go_gc_duration_seconds summary
gc时间

# HELP go_goroutines Number of goroutines that currently exist.
# TYPE go_goroutines gauge
goroutine数量

# HELP go_threads Number of OS threads created.
# TYPE go_threads gauge
线程数量

# HELP kubeproxy_network_programming_duration_seconds [ALPHA] In Cluster Network Programming Latency in seconds
# TYPE kubeproxy_network_programming_duration_seconds histogram
service或者pod发生变化到kube-proxy规则同步完成时间指标含义较复杂，参照https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/sig-scalability/slos/network_programming_latency.md

# HELP kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_duration_seconds [ALPHA] SyncProxyRules latency in seconds
# TYPE kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_duration_seconds histogram
规则同步耗时

# HELP kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_endpoint_changes_pending [ALPHA] Pending proxy rules Endpoint changes
# TYPE kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_endpoint_changes_pending gauge
endpoint 发生变化后规则同步pending的次数

# HELP kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_endpoint_changes_total [ALPHA] Cumulative proxy rules Endpoint changes
# TYPE kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_endpoint_changes_total counter
endpoint 发生变化后规则同步的总次数

# HELP kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_iptables_restore_failures_total [ALPHA] Cumulative proxy iptables restore failures
# TYPE kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_iptables_restore_failures_total counter
本机上 iptables restore 失败的总次数

# HELP kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_last_queued_timestamp_seconds [ALPHA] The last time a sync of proxy rules was queued
# TYPE kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_last_queued_timestamp_seconds gauge
最近一次规则同步的请求时间戳，如果比下一个指标 kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_last_timestamp_seconds 大很多，那说明同步 hung 住了

# HELP kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_last_timestamp_seconds [ALPHA] The last time proxy rules were successfully synced
# TYPE kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_last_timestamp_seconds gauge
最近一次规则同步的完成时间戳

# HELP kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_service_changes_pending [ALPHA] Pending proxy rules Service changes
# TYPE kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_service_changes_pending gauge
service变化引起的规则同步pending数量

# HELP kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_service_changes_total [ALPHA] Cumulative proxy rules Service changes
# TYPE kubeproxy_sync_proxy_rules_service_changes_total counter
service变化引起的规则同步总数

# HELP process_cpu_seconds_total Total user and system CPU time spent in seconds.
# TYPE process_cpu_seconds_total counter
利用这个指标统计cpu使用率

# HELP process_max_fds Maximum number of open file descriptors.
# TYPE process_max_fds gauge
进程可以打开的最大fd数

# HELP process_open_fds Number of open file descriptors.
# TYPE process_open_fds gauge
进程当前打开的fd数

# HELP process_resident_memory_bytes Resident memory size in bytes.
# TYPE process_resident_memory_bytes gauge
统计内存使用大小

# HELP process_start_time_seconds Start time of the process since unix epoch in seconds.
# TYPE process_start_time_seconds gauge
进程启动时间戳

# HELP rest_client_request_duration_seconds [ALPHA] Request latency in seconds. Broken down by verb and URL.
# TYPE rest_client_request_duration_seconds histogram
请求 apiserver 的耗时(按照url和verb统计)

# HELP rest_client_requests_total [ALPHA] Number of HTTP requests, partitioned by status code, method, and host.
# TYPE rest_client_requests_total counter
请求 apiserver 的总数(按照code method host统计)