横竖屏切换适配

superinsect
发布于 2024-12-13 10:53
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问题背景

​横竖屏切换功能即实现应用内既支持竖屏显示也支持横屏显示的效果。对于应用内不同页面显示方向不同的情况,需要在应用逻辑中,动态修改窗口方向,来实现该效果,例如包含视频播放功能的应用,首页内容是采用竖屏方式,而视频详情页则采用横屏方式展示。

窗口形态示意图如下:​

横竖屏切换适配-鸿蒙开发者社区

窗口显示方向类型枚举:​Orientation

实现方案

​1、module.json5文件配置

在module.json5文件中“abilitie标签-sorientation字段“配置应用启动时的方向。​

{ 
  "module": { 
    // ... 
    "abilities": [ 
      { 
        "name": "EntryAbility", 
        // ... 
        "orientation": "portrait" 
      } 
    ] 
  } 
}

​2.代码实现

进入应用后修改应用窗口横竖屏状态,可以调用窗口window的​setPreferredOrientation ​方法进行设置。

// EntryAbility.ets 
import { UIAbility } from '@kit.AbilityKit'; 
import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit'; 
 
export default class EntryAbility extends UIAbility { 
  // ... 
  onWindowStageCreate(windowStage: window.WindowStage): void { 
    console.info('onWindowStageCreate'); 
    let windowClass: window.Window | undefined = undefined; 
    windowStage.getMainWindow((err: BusinessError, data) => { 
      const errCode: number = err.code; 
      if (errCode) { 
        console.error(`Failed to obtain the main window. Cause code: ${err.code}, message: ${err.message}`); 
        return; 
      } 
      windowClass = data; 
      let orientation = window.Orientation.AUTO_ROTATION; 
      try { 
        let promise = windowClass.setPreferredOrientation(orientation); 
        promise.then(() => { 
          console.info('Succeeded in setting the window orientation.'); 
        }).catch((err: BusinessError) => { 
          console.error(`Failed to set the window orientation. Cause code: ${err.code}, message: ${err.message}`); 
        }); 
      } catch (exception) { 
        console.error(`Failed to set window orientation. Cause code: ${exception.code}, message: ${exception.message}`); 
      } 
    }); 
  } 
}

常见问题

​1、应用反向横屏,视频或游戏等应用横屏播放时需要设置为反向横屏,反向横屏显示模式PORTRAIT_INVERTED。

反向横屏示例如下:​

let context = getContext() as common.UIAbilityContext; 
let windowClass: window.Window | undefined = undefined; 
context.windowStage.getMainWindow((err: BusinessError, data) => { 
  windowClass = data; 
  let orientation = window.Orientation.LANDSCAPE_INVERTED; //反向横屏 
  let promise = windowClass.setPreferredOrientation(orientation); 
  promise.then(() => { 
    console.info('Succeeded in setting the window orientation.'); 
  }).catch((err: BusinessError) => { 
    console.error(`Failed to set the window orientation. Cause code: ${err.code}, message: ${err.message}`); 
  }); 
}

2、控制中心打开旋转锁定后,应用仍可以旋转。

横竖屏切换适配-鸿蒙开发者社区

对于需要通过控制中心进行旋转锁定控制的,可以选择字段后方带有restricted字段的旋转策略,此字段表示旋转行为受到控制中心按钮控制,开关打开情况下,不随设备方向旋转,关闭情况下,则会发生跟随设备旋转。

let context = getContext() as common.UIAbilityContext; 
windowClass = data; 
let orientation = window.Orientation.AUTO_ROTATION_RESTRICTED; //跟随传感器自动旋转,且受控制中心的旋转开关控制 
let promise = windowClass.setPreferredOrientation(orientation); 
promise.then(() => { 
  console.info('Succeeded in setting the window orientation.'); 
}).catch((err: BusinessError) => { 
  console.error(`Failed to set the window orientation. Cause code: ${err.code}, message: ${err.message}`); 
});

3、横竖屏开发实践

示例参考链接:​https://developer.huawei.com/consumer/cn/doc/best-practices-V5/bpta-landscape-and-portrait-development-V5#section84566263207

4、视频播放横竖屏切换

示例参考链接:​https://gitee.com/harmonyos_samples/LandscapePortraitToggle

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