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在HarmonyOS 5.0和HarmonyOS SDK AI的驱动下,教育场景中的设备边界正在消失,多设备协同体验迎来革命性突破
在教育场景中,学生经常面临这样的挑战:
HarmonyOS 5.0的分布式能力和HarmonyOS SDK AI结合,为这些问题提供了创新的解决方案。本文将介绍如何基于这些技术构建一个跨屏多设备批注系统。
// MultiDeviceAnnotations.java - 跨屏批注系统的核心实现
import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.agp.components.Component;
import ohos.agp.components.DragInfo;
import ohos.agp.components.Image;
import ohos.agp.components.Text;
import ohos.ai.cv.common.ConnectionCallback;
import ohos.ai.cv.common.VisionManager;
import ohos.distributedschedule.interwork.DeviceInfo;
import ohos.distributedschedule.interwork.DeviceManager;
import ohos.distributedschedule.interwork.IInitCallback;
import ohos.media.image.PixelMap;
import ohos.utils.zson.ZSONObject;
import java.util.List;
public class MultiDeviceAnnotations extends Ability {
private static final String TAG = "CrossScreenAnnotation";
@Override
public void onStart(Intent intent) {
super.onStart(intent);
super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);
// 初始化分布式设备管理
initDeviceConn();
// 设置拖拽监听器
setupDragListeners();
}
// 初始化设备连接
private void initDeviceConn() {
DeviceManager.initDistributedEnvironment(
"edu.cross_screen.annotation",
new IInitCallback() {
@Override
public void onInitSuccess(String deviceId) {
// 获取设备列表
List<DeviceInfo> devices = DeviceManager.getDeviceList(
DeviceInfo.FLAG_GET_ALIVE_DEVICE);
if (!devices.isEmpty()) {
connectToFirstDevice(devices.get(0).getDeviceId());
}
}
@Override
public void onInitFailure(int errorCode) {
Log.error(TAG, "Device connection failed: " + errorCode);
}
}
);
}
// 连接到第一台可用设备
private void connectToFirstDevice(String targetDeviceId) {
String localDeviceId = DeviceManager.getLocalDevice().getDeviceId();
// 建立与目标设备的连接
DeviceManager.connectDevice(localDeviceId, targetDeviceId,
new ConnectionCallback() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(String s) {
Log.info(TAG, "Connected to device: " + targetDeviceId);
setupCrossDeviceUI();
}
@Override
public void onFailure(int errorCode) {
Log.error(TAG, "Connection failed: " + errorCode);
}
});
}
// 设置跨屏UI组件
private void setupCrossDeviceUI() {
// 显示设备互联状态
Text deviceStatus = (Text) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_deviceStatus);
deviceStatus.setText("已连接至其他设备");
// 初始化AI服务
initAIServices();
}
// 初始化AI服务
private void initAIServices() {
int result = VisionManager.init(this, new ConnectionCallback() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnect() {
Log.info(TAG, "AI Vision service connected");
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnect() {
Log.warn(TAG, "AI Vision service disconnected");
}
});
if (result != 0) {
Log.error(TAG, "AI Vision initialization failed");
}
}
// 设置拖拽监听器
private void setupDragListeners() {
// 教材图片拖拽源
Image textbookImage = (Image) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_textbookImage);
textbookImage.setDragEnabled(true);
textbookImage.setDragStartListener(this::onDragTextbook);
// 批注区域拖拽目标
Component annotationArea = findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_annotationArea);
annotationArea.setDropListener(this::onDropToAnnotationArea);
// 设备视图拖拽目标
Component deviceView = findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_deviceView);
deviceView.setDropListener(this::onDropToDevice);
}
// 拖拽教材开始
private boolean onDragTextbook(Component component, DragInfo dragInfo) {
Log.info(TAG, "Dragging textbook image to annotation");
// 开始AI图片识别
PixelMap pixelMap = ...; // 获取教材图像
TextRecognitionParam param = new TextRecognitionParam(pixelMap);
ITextRecognition recognition = VisionManager.getTextRecognition();
TextRecognitionResult result = recognition.doTextRecognition(param);
// 将识别结果保存到拖拽数据中
ZSONObject dragData = new ZSONObject();
dragData.put("textContent", result.getRecognitionText());
dragData.put("imageData", pixelMap);
dragInfo.setExtraData(dragData.toZSONString());
return true;
}
// 拖放到批注区域
private void onDropToAnnotationArea(Component component, DragInfo dragInfo) {
Log.info(TAG, "Dropped content onto annotation area");
// 解析拖拽数据
String json = dragInfo.getExtraData();
ZSONObject data = ZSONObject.stringToZSON(json);
// 更新批注内容
String textContent = data.getString("textContent");
PixelMap imageData = (PixelMap) data.get("imageData");
addAnnotationToView(textContent, imageData);
generateRelatedResources(textContent);
}
// 拖放到设备区域
private void onDropToDevice(Component component, DragInfo dragInfo) {
Log.info(TAG, "Dropped content onto device view");
String json = dragInfo.getExtraData();
ZSONObject data = ZSONObject.stringToZSON(json);
// 获取目标设备
String targetDeviceId = getSelectedDeviceId();
// 发送到目标设备
DeviceManager.sendData(targetDeviceId, "annotation_transfer", data.toZSONString(),
new IDataSendCallback() {
@Override
public void onSendSuccess(long msgId) {
Log.info(TAG, "Sent to device " + targetDeviceId);
}
@Override
public void onSendFailure(long msgId, int errCode) {
Log.error(TAG, "Failed to send: " + errCode);
}
});
}
// 添加批注到视图
private void addAnnotationToView(String text, PixelMap image) {
// 实际实现中创建批注视图
}
// 生成相关学习资源
private void generateRelatedResources(String textContent) {
// 调用HarmonyOS SDK AI生成相关内容
RelatedContentRequest request = new RelatedContentRequest();
request.setText(textContent);
request.setResourceType(ResourceType.BOOK);
RelatedContentResult result = AIAssistantManager.generateContent(request);
if (result != null) {
displayRecommendedResources(result.getResources());
}
}
}
<!-- 跨屏批注UI布局 -->
<div class="container">
<!-- 设备连接状态 -->
<text class="title">HarmonyOS 5.0 跨屏批注系统</text>
<text id="deviceStatus" class="device-status">正在搜索设备...</text>
<div class="device-row">
<!-- 设备列表 -->
<list class="device-list">
<list-item for="device in deviceList" class="device-item">
<image src="{{device.icon}}" class="device-icon"></image>
<text class="device-name">{{device.name}}</text>
</list-item>
</list>
</div>
<div class="content-area">
<!-- 教材区域 -->
<div class="textbook-section">
<image id="textbookImage" src="/common/textbook.jpg" class="textbook-image"></image>
</div>
<!-- 批注区域 -->
<stack id="annotationArea" class="annotation-section">
<image src="/common/blank_page.jpg" class="page-background"></image>
<div class="annotations" for="ann in annotations">
<div class="annotation" style="left: {{ann.x}}; top: {{ann.y}};">
<div if="ann.type === 'text'" class="text-annotation">
{{ann.content}}
</div>
<image if="ann.type === 'image'" class="image-annotation"
src="{{ann.content}}"></image>
</div>
</div>
</stack>
</div>
<!-- AI推荐资源 -->
<div class="ai-recommendation">
<text class="subtitle">AI推荐学习资源</text>
<list class="resource-list">
<list-item for="resource in resources" class="resource-item">
<text class="resource-title">{{resource.title}}</text>
<text class="resource-type">{{resource.type}} | {{resource.source}}</text>
<button class="view-btn" @click="openResource(resource.url)">查看</button>
</list-item>
</list>
</div>
</div>
/* 跨屏批注样式 */
.container {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
padding: 15px;
background-color: #f8f9fa;
}
.title {
font-size: 24px;
color: #0d94ff;
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 10px;
font-weight: bold;
}
.device-status {
color: #6c757d;
font-size: 14px;
margin-bottom: 15px;
text-align: center;
}
.device-row {
border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
border-radius: 10px;
padding: 10px;
margin-bottom: 15px;
}
.device-list {
flex-direction: row;
}
.device-item {
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
margin-right: 20px;
}
.device-icon {
width: 48px;
height: 48px;
}
.device-name {
font-size: 12px;
margin-top: 5px;
}
.content-area {
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
justify-content: space-between;
height: 450px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.textbook-section {
flex: 1;
margin-right: 15px;
border: 1px solid #ced4da;
border-radius: 8px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.textbook-image {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
object-fit: contain;
}
.annotation-section {
flex: 1;
position: relative;
border: 2px dashed #0d94ff;
border-radius: 8px;
background-color: #ffffff;
}
.page-background {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
opacity: 0.2;
}
.annotation {
position: absolute;
max-width: 200px;
background-color: rgba(13, 148, 255, 0.1);
border: 1px solid #0d94ff;
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 8px;
}
.text-annotation {
font-size: 16px;
color: #212529;
}
.image-annotation {
width: 120px;
height: 80px;
object-fit: cover;
}
.ai-recommendation {
border-top: 1px solid #e9ecef;
padding-top: 15px;
}
.subtitle {
font-size: 18px;
color: #495057;
margin-bottom: 10px;
font-weight: 500;
}
.resource-item {
padding: 12px 0;
border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;
}
.resource-title {
font-size: 16px;
font-weight: bold;
color: #212529;
}
.resource-type {
font-size: 13px;
color: #6c757d;
margin-top: 4px;
}
.view-btn {
width: 80px;
height: 32px;
background-color: #0d94ff;
text-color: #ffffff;
font-size: 14px;
border-radius: 6px;
margin-top: 5px;
}
// 拖拽内容到目标设备
private void onDropToDevice(Component component, DragInfo dragInfo) {
// ...获取拖拽数据...
DeviceManager.sendData(targetDeviceId, "annotation_transfer", data);
}
通过HarmonyOS的分布式能力,实现批注内容的跨设备拖拽传输,用户只需简单拖拽操作即可将内容从手机发送到平板或智慧屏。
// 利用AI识别教材内容
TextRecognitionParam param = new TextRecognitionParam(pixelMap);
TextRecognitionResult result = recognition.doTextRecognition(param);
HarmonyOS SDK AI的文本识别服务自动识别教材图像中的文字内容,为后续批注和建议提供语义基础。
// 生成相关学习资源
RelatedContentRequest request = new RelatedContentRequest();
request.setText(textContent);
RelatedContentResult result = AIAssistantManager.generateContent(request);
系统基于当前批注内容,利用AI生成相关学习资源,包括推荐阅读材料、相关视频和扩展知识链接。
// 设备连接管理
DeviceManager.initDistributedEnvironment("edu.cross_screen.annotation", callback);
多设备间保持数据实时同步,确保学生在不同设备上批注体验一致,学习进度无缝衔接。
该系统的实际教育应用价值体现在:
随着HarmonyOS 5.0生态的成熟,跨屏批注系统将进一步进化:
// 未来扩展:AR协同批注
public class ARAnnotation {
public void onDeviceDropped() {
ARWorldTrackingConfig config = new ARWorldTrackingConfig();
config.setImageTrackingMode(TRACKING_MODE_IMAGE);
ARScene scene = ARSceneManager.createScene(config);
scene.addImageTarget("textbook_anchor", textbookImage);
// 放置AR批注
ARNode annotationNode = scene.createTextNode(annotationText);
annotationNode.setPosition(getARPosition());
scene.addNode(annotationNode);
}
}
HarmonyOS 5.0和HarmonyOS SDK AI的结合,通过跨屏批注系统重塑了数字化学习体验:
这一创新不仅适用于K12和高等教育场景,同样适合专业培训、学术研究等需要多信息整合的应用场景。随着HarmonyOS生态的持续演进,未来学习方式将更具沉浸感、智能化和无边界化。
本示例为HarmonyOS跨屏批注概念实现,实际开发需参考官方文档,完整功能需要真机调试。HarmonyOS 5.0分布式能力需要开发环境升级至DevEco Studio 3.1及以上版本。