鸿蒙跨设备迁移场景测试方案设计与实现原创

进修的泡芙

发布于 2025-6-17 20:43

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鸿蒙跨设备迁移场景测试方案设计与实现

一、测试体系架构

基于HarmonyOS分布式能力，我们设计了一套完整的跨设备迁移测试方案，覆盖从手机到平板、智慧屏等多种设备迁移场景。

!https://example.com/cross-device-test-arch.png

测试系统包含三大核心模块：
迁移控制模块 - 管理迁移流程和状态

数据验证模块 - 校验迁移数据的完整性

性能监测模块 - 记录迁移过程的关键指标

二、核心测试代码实现
迁移测试基础服务（Java）

// MigrationTestService.java
public class MigrationTestService extends Ability {
private static final String TAG = “MigrationTest”;
private DistributedScheduler scheduler;
private DeviceManager deviceManager;

@Override
public void onStart(Intent intent) {
    super.onStart(intent);
    initComponents();

private void initComponents() {

    scheduler = DistributedScheduler.getInstance();
    deviceManager = DeviceManager.getInstance();

// 执行迁移测试

public void runMigrationTest(String targetDeviceId, TestCallback callback) {
    // 1. 准备测试数据
    MigrationTestData testData = prepareTestData();
    
    // 2. 发起迁移
    ContinuationManager continuationManager = ContinuationManager.getInstance();
    continuationManager.startContinuation(
        targetDeviceId,
        testData.toBundle(),
        new ContinuationCallback() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(String deviceId) {
                // 3. 验证目标设备数据
                verifyDataOnTarget(deviceId, testData, callback);

@Override

            public void onFailure(int errorCode) {
                callback.onTestFailed("迁移失败，错误码: " + errorCode);

}

);

// 准备测试数据

private MigrationTestData prepareTestData() {
    MigrationTestData data = new MigrationTestData();
    data.userId = "test_user_" + System.currentTimeMillis();
    data.userName = "测试用户";
    data.avatarUrl = "resource://test_avatar.png";
    data.gameState = generateGameState();
    return data;

// 生成游戏状态数据

private JSONObject generateGameState() {
    JSONObject state = new JSONObject();
    try {
        state.put("level", 5);
        state.put("score", 1200);
        state.put("items", new JSONArray()
            .put("sword")
            .put("shield")
            .put("potion")
        );

catch (JSONException e) {

        HiLog.error(TAG, "生成游戏状态失败");

return state;

// 在目标设备验证数据

private void verifyDataOnTarget(String deviceId, MigrationTestData expected, TestCallback callback) {
    // 模拟远程验证
    scheduler.delayTask(() -> {
        boolean success = mockVerifyData(deviceId, expected);
        if (success) {
            callback.onTestSuccess();

else {

            callback.onTestFailed("数据验证失败");

}, 2000);

// 模拟数据验证

private boolean mockVerifyData(String deviceId, MigrationTestData expected) {
    // 实际项目中应通过分布式通信获取目标设备数据
    return true; // 模拟验证成功

// 测试数据封装类

public static class MigrationTestData {
    public String userId;
    public String userName;
    public String avatarUrl;
    public JSONObject gameState;
    
    public Bundle toBundle() {
        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        bundle.putString("userId", userId);
        bundle.putString("userName", userName);
        bundle.putString("avatarUrl", avatarUrl);
        bundle.putString("gameState", gameState.toString());
        return bundle;

}

// 测试回调接口
public interface TestCallback {
    void onTestSuccess();
    void onTestFailed(String reason);

}

跨设备UI测试（ArkTS）

// MigrationUITest.ets
@Entry
@Component
struct MigrationUITest {
@State testCases: TestCase[] = [];
@State currentDevice: DeviceInfo = DEVICES[0];
@State isTesting: boolean = false;

aboutToAppear() {
this.initTestCases();
private initTestCases() {

this.testCases = [

id: ‘phone_to_tablet’,

    name: '手机到平板迁移',
    sourceDevice: 'phone',
    targetDevice: 'tablet',
    status: 'pending'
  },

id: ‘phone_to_tv’,

    name: '手机到智慧屏迁移',
    sourceDevice: 'phone',
    targetDevice: 'tv',
    status: 'pending'
  },

id: ‘tablet_to_phone’,

    name: '平板到手机迁移',
    sourceDevice: 'tablet',
    targetDevice: 'phone',
    status: 'pending'

];

build() {

Column() {
  // 设备选择
  DevicePicker({
    devices: DEVICES,
    selected: this.currentDevice,
    onSelect: (device) => this.currentDevice = device
  })
  
  // 测试用例列表
  List() {
    ForEach(this.testCases, (testCase) => {
      ListItem() {
        TestCaseItem({
          testCase,
          onRun: () => this.runTestCase(testCase)
        })

})

.layoutWeight(1)

  // 测试状态
  if (this.isTesting) {
    LoadingProgress()
      .width(50)
      .height(50)

}

private async runTestCase(testCase: TestCase) {

this.isTesting = true;
testCase.status = 'running';
this.testCases = [...this.testCases];

try {
  // 模拟迁移测试
  const success = await this.mockMigrationTest(
    testCase.sourceDevice, 
    testCase.targetDevice
  );
  
  testCase.status = success ? 'passed' : 'failed';

catch (e) {

  testCase.status = 'failed';

finally {

  this.isTesting = false;
  this.testCases = [...this.testCases];

}

private mockMigrationTest(source: string, target: string): Promise<boolean> {
return new Promise((resolve) => {
// 模拟迁移过程
setTimeout(() => {
// 随机生成测试结果
resolve(Math.random() > 0.3);
}, 2000);
});
}

@Component
struct TestCaseItem {
@Prop testCase: TestCase
@Prop onRun: () => void

build() {
Row() {
Column() {
Text(this.testCase.name)
.fontSize(16)

    Text(从{this.testCase.sourceDevice}到{this.testCase.targetDevice})
      .fontSize(12)
      .fontColor('#666666')

.layoutWeight(1)

  // 状态指示
  Circle()
    .width(20)
    .height(20)
    .fill(this.getStatusColor())
  
  Button('运行')
    .onClick(() => this.onRun())
    .width(80)
    .margin(10)

.padding(10)

private getStatusColor(): Color {

switch(this.testCase.status) {
  case 'passed': return Color.Green;
  case 'failed': return Color.Red;
  case 'running': return Color.Blue;
  default: return Color.Gray;

}

// 设备信息

const DEVICES = [
id: ‘phone’, name: ‘手机’ },

id: ‘tablet’, name: ‘平板’ },

id: ‘tv’, name: ‘智慧屏’ }

];

interface TestCase {
id: string;
name: string;
sourceDevice: string;
targetDevice: string;
status: ‘pending’ ‘running’ ‘passed’
‘failed’;
interface DeviceInfo {

id: string;
name: string;

性能监测组件（ArkTS）

// PerformanceMonitor.ets
@Component
struct PerformanceMonitor {
@Prop metrics: PerformanceMetrics

build() {
Column() {
// 迁移耗时
MetricItem({
label: ‘迁移耗时’,
value: ${this.metrics.migrationTime}ms,
threshold: 1000,
unit: ‘ms’
})

  // 数据传输量
  MetricItem({
    label: '数据量',
    value: ${(this.metrics.dataSize / 1024).toFixed(2)},
    threshold: 512,
    unit: 'KB'
  })
  
  // 成功率
  MetricItem({
    label: '成功率',
    value: ${(this.metrics.successRate * 100).toFixed(1)},
    threshold: 0.9,
    unit: '%'
  })

}

@Component

struct MetricItem {
@Prop label: string
@Prop value: string
@Prop threshold: number
@Prop unit: string

build() {
Row() {
Text(this.label)
.width(‘30%’)

  Progress({
    value: parseFloat(this.value),
    total: this.threshold * 1.5,
    style: ProgressStyle.Linear
  })
  .width('50%')
  
  Text({this.value}{this.unit})
    .width('20%')
    .textAlign(TextAlign.End)

.height(40)

}

interface PerformanceMetrics {
migrationTime: number;
dataSize: number;
successRate: number;

三、关键测试场景实现
基础迁移测试场景

// BasicMigration.test.ets
@Suite
class BasicMigrationTest {
private migrationService: MigrationTestService = new MigrationTestService();

@Test
async phoneToTabletMigration() {
const tabletDevice = await this.findDevice(‘tablet’);
const result = await this.runMigrationTest(‘phone’, tabletDevice.id);
assert(result.success).isTrue();
assert(result.time).lessThan(1500);
@Test

async phoneToTVMigration() {
const tvDevice = await this.findDevice(‘tv’);
const result = await this.runMigrationTest(‘phone’, tvDevice.id);
assert(result.success).isTrue();
assert(result.time).lessThan(2000);
private async findDevice(type: string): Promise<DeviceInfo> {

const devices = await DeviceManager.getDevices();
return devices.find(d => d.type === type);

private runMigrationTest(source: string, target: string): Promise<TestResult> {

return new Promise((resolve) => {
  const startTime = Date.now();
  
  this.migrationService.runMigrationTest(target, {
    onTestSuccess: () => {
      resolve({
        success: true,
        time: Date.now() - startTime
      });
    },
    onTestFailed: (reason) => {
      resolve({
        success: false,
        time: Date.now() - startTime,
        reason
      });

});

});

}

interface TestResult {
success: boolean;
time: number;
reason?: string;

数据一致性验证场景

// DataConsistencyTest.java
public class DataConsistencyTest {
private MigrationTestService testService = new MigrationTestService();

@Test
public void testUserProfileConsistency() {
    // 准备测试数据
    MigrationTestService.MigrationTestData testData = testService.prepareTestData();
    
    // 执行迁移
    TestResult result = runMigrationTest("target_device_id", testData);
    
    // 验证数据
    assertTrue(result.isSuccess());
    assertEquals(testData.userName, result.getVerifiedData().userName);
    assertEquals(testData.avatarUrl, result.getVerifiedData().avatarUrl);

@Test

public void testGameStateConsistency() {
    // 准备包含复杂状态的测试数据
    MigrationTestService.MigrationTestData testData = testService.prepareTestData();
    testData.gameState = createComplexGameState();
    
    // 执行迁移
    TestResult result = runMigrationTest("target_device_id", testData);
    
    // 验证游戏状态
    assertTrue(result.isSuccess());
    assertGameStateEquals(testData.gameState, result.getVerifiedData().gameState);

private JSONObject createComplexGameState() {

    JSONObject state = new JSONObject();
    // 添加复杂游戏状态数据
    return state;

}

性能基准测试场景

// PerformanceBenchmark.test.ets
@Suite
class PerformanceBenchmark {
private static readonly TEST_ROUNDS = 10;
private migrationService: MigrationTestService = new MigrationTestService();

@Benchmark
async migrationPerformance() {
const results = [];
const tabletDevice = await this.findDevice(‘tablet’);

for (let i = 0; i < TEST_ROUNDS; i++) {
  const result = await this.runMigrationTest('phone', tabletDevice.id);
  results.push(result.time);
  
  // 清理状态
  await this.cleanup();

const avgTime = results.reduce((sum, t) => sum + t, 0) / results.length;

console.log(平均迁移耗时: ${avgTime}ms);

assert(avgTime).lessThan(1000);

@Benchmark

async dataSizeImpact() {
const sizes = [1, 10, 100, 500]; // KB
const results = [];
const tabletDevice = await this.findDevice(‘tablet’);

for (const size of sizes) {
  const result = await this.runMigrationTestWithDataSize('phone', tabletDevice.id, size);
  results.push({
    size,
    time: result.time
  });

console.log(‘数据量影响结果:’, results);

}

四、测试执行与管理
测试用例组织

graph TD
A[跨设备迁移测试] --> B[基础功能测试]
–> C[数据一致性测试]

–> D[性能基准测试]

–> B1[手机到平板迁移]

–> B2[手机到智慧屏迁移]

–> C1[用户资料同步]

–> C2[游戏状态同步]

–> D1[迁移耗时]

–> D2[数据量影响]

自动化测试流水线

// TestPipeline.java
public class TestPipeline {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 1. 执行基础迁移测试
TestResult basicResult = runTestSuite(BasicMigrationTest.class);

    // 2. 执行数据一致性测试
    TestResult dataResult = runTestSuite(DataConsistencyTest.class);
    
    // 3. 执行性能测试
    TestResult perfResult = runTestSuite(PerformanceBenchmark.class);
    
    // 生成测试报告
    generateReport(basicResult, dataResult, perfResult);
    
    // 如果所有测试通过，上传APK到测试环境
    if (basicResult.isSuccess() && dataResult.isSuccess()) {
        uploadToTestEnvironment();

}

五、总结与展望

本测试方案实现了以下核心能力：
全场景覆盖：支持手机、平板、智慧屏等多种设备迁移场景

自动化验证：自动化执行迁移流程和数据校验

性能监测：关键性能指标的采集和分析

可视化报告：直观展示测试结果和性能数据

未来优化方向：
增加网络状况模拟测试

集成AI预测迁移成功率

支持更复杂的分布式场景测试

增强异常恢复能力测试

通过本测试方案，可以确保鸿蒙应用的跨设备迁移功能在各种场景下都能提供稳定可靠的用户体验。

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