鸿蒙车载双屏导航系统开发指南 原创

鸿蒙车载双屏导航系统开发指南（安全版）

一、系统架构设计

基于HarmonyOS的车载双屏导航系统，利用分布式位置服务和跨设备协同能力实现安全可靠的导航功能：
安全定位：通过加密通道共享位置信息

分工协作：手机负责路线计算，车机专注导航展示

实时同步：所有交互数据经过安全验证

隐私保护：用户位置信息仅在必要设备间传输

!https://example.com/harmony-safe-nav-arch.png

二、核心代码实现
安全位置服务封装

// SafeLocationService.ets
import distributedLocation from ‘@ohos.distributedLocation’;
import crypto from ‘@ohos.security.crypto’;

class SafeLocationService {
private static instance: SafeLocationService = null;
private locationManager: distributedLocation.LocationManager;
private crypto: crypto.Crypto;
private syncListeners: LocationListener[] = [];

private constructor() {
this.initCrypto();
this.initLocationManager();
public static getInstance(): SafeLocationService {

if (!SafeLocationService.instance) {
  SafeLocationService.instance = new SafeLocationService();

return SafeLocationService.instance;

private initCrypto(): void {

this.crypto = crypto.createCrypto('AES256-GCM');

private initLocationManager(): void {

const context = getContext() as common.Context;
this.locationManager = distributedLocation.createLocationManager(context);

// 监听加密位置更新
this.locationManager.on('locationChange', (data) => {
  this.handleSecureLocation(data);
});

private handleSecureLocation(data: distributedLocation.Location): void {

// 加密位置数据
const encrypted = this.encryptLocation(data);

// 通知监听器
this.syncListeners.forEach(listener => {
  listener.onLocationUpdate(encrypted);
});

// 同步到其他设备
this.syncSecureLocation(encrypted);

private encryptLocation(loc: distributedLocation.Location): string {

const locationData = {
  latitude: loc.latitude,
  longitude: loc.longitude,
  accuracy: loc.accuracy,
  timestamp: loc.timestamp
};
return this.crypto.encrypt(JSON.stringify(locationData));

private syncSecureLocation(encryptedData: string): void {

this.locationManager.syncData('location_sync', {
  type: 'secure_location',
  data: encryptedData,
  timestamp: Date.now(),
  deviceId: this.locationManager.getDeviceId()
});

public addListener(listener: LocationListener): void {

if (!this.syncListeners.includes(listener)) {
  this.syncListeners.push(listener);

}

public removeListener(listener: LocationListener): void {
this.syncListeners = this.syncListeners.filter(l => l !== listener);
public async startSecureTracking(): Promise<void> {

try {
  await this.locationManager.startLocating({
    priority: distributedLocation.LocationRequestPriority.FIRST_FIX,
    scenario: distributedLocation.LocationRequestScenario.NAVIGATION,
    isEncrypted: true
  });

catch (err) {

  console.error('启动安全定位失败:', JSON.stringify(err));

}

interface LocationListener {

onLocationUpdate(encryptedLocation: string): void;
export const safeLocationService = SafeLocationService.getInstance();

安全路线规划服务

// SafeRouteService.ets
import { safeLocationService } from ‘./SafeLocationService’;
import crypto from ‘@ohos.security.crypto’;

class SafeRouteService {
private static instance: SafeRouteService = null;
private crypto: crypto.Crypto;
private routeListeners: RouteListener[] = [];
private currentRoute: NavigationRoute | null = null;

private constructor() {
this.initCrypto();
this.setupLocationListener();
public static getInstance(): SafeRouteService {

if (!SafeRouteService.instance) {
  SafeRouteService.instance = new SafeRouteService();

return SafeRouteService.instance;

private initCrypto(): void {

this.crypto = crypto.createCrypto('AES256-GCM');

private setupLocationListener(): void {

safeLocationService.addListener({
  onLocationUpdate: (encrypted) => {
    this.updateRouteWithLocation(encrypted);

});

private updateRouteWithLocation(encryptedLocation: string): void {

try {
  const decrypted = this.crypto.decrypt(encryptedLocation);
  const location = JSON.parse(decrypted);
  
  if (this.currentRoute) {
    this.currentRoute.currentLocation = location;
    this.notifyRouteUpdate();

} catch (err) {

  console.error('处理位置更新失败:', JSON.stringify(err));

}

public async calculateSafeRoute(start: RoutePoint, end: RoutePoint): Promise<NavigationRoute | null> {
try {
// 模拟安全路线计算
const route = await this.mockRouteCalculation(start, end);
this.currentRoute = route;
this.notifyRouteUpdate();
return route;
catch (err) {

  console.error('计算路线失败:', JSON.stringify(err));
  return null;

}

private notifyRouteUpdate(): void {
if (!this.currentRoute) return;

const encryptedRoute = this.encryptRoute(this.currentRoute);
this.routeListeners.forEach(listener => {
  listener.onRouteUpdate(encryptedRoute);
});

private encryptRoute(route: NavigationRoute): string {

return this.crypto.encrypt(JSON.stringify(route));

public addRouteListener(listener: RouteListener): void {

if (!this.routeListeners.includes(listener)) {
  this.routeListeners.push(listener);

}

public removeRouteListener(listener: RouteListener): void {
this.routeListeners = this.routeListeners.filter(l => l !== listener);
}

interface RouteListener {
onRouteUpdate(encryptedRoute: string): void;
export const safeRouteService = SafeRouteService.getInstance();

手机端安全规划界面

// SafePhonePlanner.ets
import { safeRouteService } from ‘./SafeRouteService’;
import router from ‘@ohos.router’;

@Component
export struct SafePhonePlanner {
@State encryptedRoute: string | null = null;
@State routeOptions: string[] = [];
@State selectedOption: number = -1;

build() {
Column() {
// 地址输入区域
Column() {
TextInput({ placeholder: ‘安全输入起点’ })
.onSubmit((value) => {
this.searchSecureLocation(value, ‘origin’);
})
.margin({ bottom: 10 })

    TextInput({ placeholder: '安全输入终点' })
      .onSubmit((value) => {
        this.searchSecureLocation(value, 'destination');
      })

.padding(16)

  // 路线选项
  if (this.routeOptions.length > 0) {
    Column() {
      Text('安全路线选项:')
        .fontSize(18)
        .margin({ bottom: 8 })
      
      ForEach(this.routeOptions, (option, index) => {
        Column() {
          Text(选项 ${index + 1})
            .fontSize(16)
          
          Text(option)
            .fontSize(14)
            .margin({ top: 4 })

.padding(12)

        .backgroundColor(index === this.selectedOption ? '#E3F2FD' : Color.White)
        .borderRadius(4)
        .margin({ bottom: 8 })
        .onClick(() => {
          this.selectedOption = index;
        })
      })

}

  // 控制按钮
  Button('安全开始导航')
    .width('80%')
    .height(50)
    .enabled(this.selectedOption >= 0)
    .onClick(() => {
      this.startSecureNavigation();
    })
    .margin({ top: 20 })

.width(‘100%’)

.height('100%')
.padding(20)

private async searchSecureLocation(query: string, type: ‘origin’ | ‘destination’): Promise<void> {

// 实际应用中应调用安全地图API
const mockResults = [

name: ${query}安全点A,

    coords: this.generateSafeCoordinates()
  },

name: ${query}安全点B,

    coords: this.generateSafeCoordinates()

];

// 显示安全选择对话框
const selected = await this.showSecurePicker(mockResults);
if (selected) {
  if (type === 'origin') {
    // 处理起点选择

else {

    // 处理终点选择

}

private generateSafeCoordinates(): { lat: number, lng: number } {

// 生成随机但合理的位置坐标
return {
  lat: 39.9 + Math.random() * 0.2,
  lng: 116.4 + Math.random() * 0.2
};

private async startSecureNavigation(): Promise<void> {

if (this.selectedOption < 0 || !this.encryptedRoute) return;

try {
  // 跳转到安全导航页面
  router.push({
    url: 'pages/SafeCarNavigation',
    params: { encryptedRoute: this.encryptedRoute }
  });

catch (err) {

  console.error('启动导航失败:', JSON.stringify(err));

}

车载安全导航界面

// SafeCarNavigation.ets
import { safeRouteService } from ‘./SafeRouteService’;
import crypto from ‘@ohos.security.crypto’;

@Component
export struct SafeCarNavigation {
@State currentStep: string = ‘’;
@State nextAction: string = ‘’;
@State distanceDisplay: string = ‘’;
@State arrivalTime: string = ‘’;
@State isActive: boolean = false;

private crypto: crypto.Crypto;
private routeData: NavigationRoute | null = null;

aboutToAppear() {
this.initCrypto();
this.loadSecureRoute();
this.setupRouteListener();
private initCrypto(): void {

this.crypto = crypto.createCrypto('AES256-GCM');

private loadSecureRoute(): void {

const params = router.getParams();
if (params?.encryptedRoute) {
  try {
    const decrypted = this.crypto.decrypt(params.encryptedRoute);
    this.routeData = JSON.parse(decrypted);
    this.updateNavigationDisplay();

catch (err) {

    console.error('解密路线数据失败:', JSON.stringify(err));

}

private setupRouteListener(): void {

safeRouteService.addRouteListener({
  onRouteUpdate: (encrypted) => {
    try {
      const decrypted = this.crypto.decrypt(encrypted);
      this.routeData = JSON.parse(decrypted);
      this.updateNavigationDisplay();

catch (err) {

      console.error('处理路线更新失败:', JSON.stringify(err));

}

});

private updateNavigationDisplay(): void {

if (!this.routeData || !this.routeData.currentLocation) {
  this.isActive = false;
  return;

this.isActive = true;

// 更新导航显示信息
if (this.routeData.steps && this.routeData.steps.length > 0) {
  const currentStep = this.findCurrentStep();
  if (currentStep) {
    this.currentStep = currentStep.instruction;
    this.nextAction = this.parseNavigationAction(currentStep.instruction);
    this.distanceDisplay = ${(currentStep.distance / 1000).toFixed(1)}公里;
    
    // 计算到达时间
    const remaining = this.calculateRemainingDistance();
    const eta = new Date(Date.now() + (remaining / 1000 / 15) * 3600000); // 假设15m/s
    this.arrivalTime = {eta.getHours()}:{eta.getMinutes().toString().padStart(2, '0')};

}

build() {

Column() {
  // 导航主显示区
  Column() {
    Text(this.currentStep)
      .fontSize(24)
      .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
      .margin({ bottom: 16 })
    
    Row() {
      Image(r(app.media.nav_{this.nextAction}))
        .width(48)
        .height(48)
        .margin({ right: 16 })
      
      Text(this.distanceDisplay)
        .fontSize(20)

Divider()

      .margin({ vertical: 16 })
    
    Text(预计到达: ${this.arrivalTime})
      .fontSize(18)

.padding(24)

  .backgroundColor(Color.White)
  .borderRadius(12)
  .margin({ bottom: 24 })
  
  // 控制按钮
  Button(this.isActive ? '安全结束导航' : '安全开始导航')
    .width('80%')
    .height(50)
    .onClick(() => {
      this.toggleNavigation();
    })

.width(‘100%’)

.height('100%')
.padding(20)

private toggleNavigation(): void {

this.isActive = !this.isActive;
// 实际应用中应更新导航状态

}

三、安全配置与权限
安全权限配置

// module.json5
“module”: {

"requestPermissions": [

“name”: “ohos.permission.ACCESS_DISTRIBUTED_LOCATION”,

    "reason": "安全获取分布式位置信息",
    "usedScene": {
      "ability": ["MainAbility"],
      "when": "always"

},

“name”: “ohos.permission.LOCATION”,

    "reason": "安全获取设备位置",
    "usedScene": {
      "ability": ["MainAbility"],
      "when": "always"

},

“name”: “ohos.permission.USE_CRYPTO”,

    "reason": "加密导航数据",
    "usedScene": {
      "ability": ["MainAbility"],
      "when": "always"

},

“name”: “ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DATASYNC”,

    "reason": "安全同步导航状态",
    "usedScene": {
      "ability": ["MainAbility"],
      "when": "always"

}

],
"abilities": [

“name”: “MainAbility”,

    "type": "page",
    "visible": true
  },

“name”: “CarNavigationAbility”,

    "type": "page",
    "visible": true
  },

“name”: “LocationBackgroundAbility”,

    "type": "service",
    "backgroundModes": ["location"],
    "permissions": [
      "ohos.permission.LOCATION",
      "ohos.permission.USE_CRYPTO"

}

}

四、安全增强措施
端到端加密：所有位置和路线数据加密传输

最小权限：仅请求必要权限并说明使用场景

数据脱敏：位置信息显示时进行适当模糊处理

本地存储：敏感数据优先存储在设备本地

超时销毁：会话数据设置合理有效期

五、总结

本安全版双屏导航系统实现了：
隐私保护：用户位置信息全程加密处理

安全传输：所有设备间通信使用加密通道

权限控制：严格遵循最小权限原则

可靠导航：保障导航功能的同时确保数据安全

通过HarmonyOS的安全框架和分布式能力，我们构建了一个既便捷又安全的车载导航解决方案，在提供优质导航体验的同时，充分保障用户隐私和数据安全。