鸿蒙智能快递柜状态监测系统开发方案原创

进修的泡芙

发布于 2025-6-23 13:33

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鸿蒙智能快递柜状态监测系统开发方案

一、项目概述

本方案基于鸿蒙5.0操作系统，实现智能快递柜的全面状态监测系统，主要功能包括：
多格口压力传感器阵列实时监测

柜门开关状态精确检测与事件上报

太阳能供电系统的智能管理

多设备间状态分布式同步

二、技术架构

graph TD
A[快递柜终端] -->LoRaWAN
B(物联网网关)
–>MQTT
C[云端平台]

–>太阳能电池
D[能源管理单元]

–> E[管理后台]

–> F[用户APP]

–>蓝牙Mesh
G[维护终端]

三、核心代码实现
压力传感器阵列驱动

// PressureSensorArray.ets
import driver from ‘@ohos.driver’;

export class PressureSensorArray {
private readonly CELL_COUNT = 16; // 16个快递格口
private sensors: PressureSensor[] = [];
private lastScanTime: number = 0;

// 初始化传感器阵列
async init() {
for (let i = 0; i < this.CELL_COUNT; i++) {
const sensor = await driver.open(cell_${i}_pressure);
this.sensors.push({
id: i,
driver: sensor,
lastValue: 0,
threshold: 0.3 // 300g触发阈值
});
this.startAutoScan();

// 启动自动扫描

private startAutoScan() {
setInterval(async () => {
await this.scanAllCells();
}, this.getScanInterval());
// 扫描所有格口状态

private async scanAllCells(): Promise<void> {
const currentTime = Date.now();
for (const sensor of this.sensors) {
const value = await sensor.driver.read();
const status = this.determineCellStatus(sensor, value);

  if (status.changed) {
    EventBus.emit('cellStatus', {
      cellId: sensor.id,
      occupied: status.occupied,
      weight: value,
      timestamp: currentTime
    });
    sensor.lastValue = value;

}

this.lastScanTime = currentTime;

// 动态调整扫描间隔

private getScanInterval(): number {
const hour = new Date().getHours();
return hour >= 7 && hour <= 22 ? 2000 : // 白天2秒
hour >= 23 || hour <= 6 ? 10000 : // 夜间10秒
5000; // 早晚5秒
// 判断格口状态变化

private determineCellStatus(sensor: PressureSensor, currentValue: number):
occupied: boolean; changed: boolean } {

const newState = currentValue > sensor.threshold;
const oldState = sensor.lastValue > sensor.threshold;
const changed = Math.abs(currentValue - sensor.lastValue) > sensor.threshold * 0.5;

return {
  occupied: newState,
  changed: changed && (newState !== oldState)
};

}

柜门状态监测服务

// DoorMonitorService.ets
import sensor from ‘@ohos.sensor’;

export class DoorMonitorService {
private doorStates: boolean[] = []; // true=开, false=关
private debounceTimers: number[] = [];

// 初始化门磁传感器
async init(doors: number = 16) {
for (let i = 0; i < doors; i++) {
this.doorStates.push(false);
this.debounceTimers.push(0);

  await sensor.on(door_${i}_magnetic, (state) => {
    this.handleDoorChange(i, state);
  });

}

// 处理门状态变化（带消抖）
private handleDoorChange(doorId: number, newState: boolean): void {
clearTimeout(this.debounceTimers[doorId]);

this.debounceTimers[doorId] = setTimeout(() => {
  if (newState !== this.doorStates[doorId]) {
    this.doorStates[doorId] = newState;
    this.reportDoorEvent(doorId, newState);

}, 300); // 300ms消抖

// 上报门状态事件

private reportDoorEvent(doorId: number, isOpen: boolean): void {
const event = {
doorId,
state: isOpen ? ‘open’ : ‘closed’,
timestamp: Date.now(),
cellId: this.mapDoorToCell(doorId)
};

EventBus.emit('doorEvent', event);

// 开门超时监控
if (isOpen) {
  this.monitorDoorOpenTime(doorId);

}

// 映射门ID到格口ID
private mapDoorToCell(doorId: number): number {
return doorId; // 简单的一对一映射
// 监控开门超时

private monitorDoorOpenTime(doorId: number): void {
setTimeout(() => {
if (this.doorStates[doorId]) { // 门仍然开着
EventBus.emit(‘doorAlert’, {
doorId,
type: ‘timeout’,
duration: 300000 // 5分钟
});
}, 300000);

}

太阳能供电管理系统

// SolarPowerSystem.ets
import power from ‘@ohos.power’;

export class SolarPowerSystem {
private batteryLevel: number = 100;
private solarInput: number = 0;
private powerMode: ‘normal’ | ‘power_save’ = ‘normal’;

// 初始化电源管理
async init() {
power.on(‘battery’, (level) => {
this.batteryLevel = level;
this.adjustPowerMode();
});

power.on('solar', (input) => {
  this.solarInput = input;
  this.adjustCharging();
});

setInterval(() => this.logPowerStatus(), 60000);

// 调整电源模式

private adjustPowerMode(): void {
const newMode = this.batteryLevel < 20 ? ‘power_save’ : ‘normal’;

if (newMode !== this.powerMode) {
  this.powerMode = newMode;
  this.configurePowerSettings();
  EventBus.emit('powerModeChange', newMode);

}

// 调整充电策略
private adjustCharging(): void {
const temp = power.getTemperature();
let current = 1000; // 默认1A

if (temp > 45) {
  current = 500; // 高温限流500mA

else if (this.solarInput > 15 && this.batteryLevel < 80) {

  current = 2000; // 强光下2A快充

power.setChargingCurrent(current);

// 配置电源设置

private configurePowerSettings(): void {
const config = {
cpu: this.powerMode === ‘power_save’ ? 800 : 1600, // MHz
display: this.powerMode === ‘power_save’ ? 30 : 70, // 亮度%
scanInterval: this.powerMode === ‘power_save’ ? 60000 : 30000 // 网络扫描间隔
};

system.setPowerProfile(config);

// 记录电源状态

private logPowerStatus(): void {
console.log(电源状态: 电量{this.batteryLevel}% 输入{this.solarInput}W 模式${this.powerMode});
}

分布式状态同步服务

// LockerStateSync.ets
import distributedData from ‘@ohos.data.distributedData’;

const STORE_ID = “locker_state_v2”;
const CELL_PREFIX = “cell_”;
const DOOR_PREFIX = “door_”;

export class LockerStateSync {
private kvManager: distributedData.KVManager;
private kvStore: distributedData.KVStore;

async init() {
const config = {
bundleName: “com.smart.locker”,
context: getContext(this)
};

this.kvManager = distributedData.createKVManager(config);
this.kvStore = await this.kvManager.getKVStore(STORE_ID, {
  createIfMissing: true,
  encrypt: true,
  kvStoreType: distributedData.KVStoreType.SINGLE_VERSION
});

this.setupEventHandlers();

// 同步格口状态

async syncCellState(cellId: number, occupied: boolean): Promise<void> {
const key = {CELL_PREFIX}{cellId};
const value = JSON.stringify({
occupied,
timestamp: Date.now()
});

try {
  await this.kvStore.put(key, value);
  await this.syncToCloud(key);

catch (err) {

  console.error(格口${cellId}状态同步失败:, err);

}

// 同步门状态
async syncDoorState(doorId: number, open: boolean): Promise<void> {
const key = {DOOR_PREFIX}{doorId};
const value = JSON.stringify({
open,
timestamp: Date.now()
});

try {
  await this.kvStore.put(key, value);
  await this.syncToCloud(key);

catch (err) {

  console.error(门${doorId}状态同步失败:, err);

}

// 同步到云端
private async syncToCloud(key: string): Promise<void> {
const syncOpts = {
devices: [‘cloud’],
mode: distributedData.SyncMode.PUSH_ONLY,
delay: this.getSyncDelay()
};

await this.kvStore.sync(syncOpts);

// 设置事件处理器

private setupEventHandlers(): void {
EventBus.on(‘cellStatus’, (event) => {
this.syncCellState(event.cellId, event.occupied);
});

EventBus.on('doorEvent', (event) => {
  this.syncDoorState(event.doorId, event.state === 'open');
});

}

四、完整应用实现

// SmartLockerApp.ets
import { PressureSensorArray } from ‘./PressureSensorArray’;
import { DoorMonitorService } from ‘./DoorMonitorService’;
import { SolarPowerSystem } from ‘./SolarPowerSystem’;
import { LockerStateSync } from ‘./LockerStateSync’;

@Entry
@Component
struct SmartLockerApp {
private pressureSensors = new PressureSensorArray();
private doorMonitor = new DoorMonitorService();
private powerSystem = new SolarPowerSystem();
private stateSync = new LockerStateSync();

@State cellStatus: CellStatus[] = [];
@State doorStatus: DoorStatus[] = [];
@State powerStatus: PowerStatus = {
level: 0,
mode: ‘normal’,
charging: false
};

aboutToAppear() {
this.pressureSensors.init();
this.doorMonitor.init();
this.powerSystem.init();
this.stateSync.init();

this.setupEventListeners();

// 设置事件监听器

private setupEventListeners(): void {
EventBus.on(‘cellStatus’, (event) => {
this.updateCellStatus(event);
});

EventBus.on('doorEvent', (event) => {
  this.updateDoorStatus(event);
});

EventBus.on('powerModeChange', (mode) => {
  this.powerStatus.mode = mode;
});

// 更新格口状态

private updateCellStatus(event: CellStatusEvent): void {
const index = this.cellStatus.findIndex(c => c.id === event.cellId);
const status = {
id: event.cellId,
occupied: event.occupied,
weight: event.weight,
lastUpdate: event.timestamp
};

if (index >= 0) {
  this.cellStatus[index] = status;

else {

  this.cellStatus.push(status);

}

// 更新门状态
private updateDoorStatus(event: DoorEvent): void {
const index = this.doorStatus.findIndex(d => d.id === event.doorId);
const status = {
id: event.doorId,
open: event.state === ‘open’,
cellId: event.cellId,
lastUpdate: event.timestamp
};

if (index >= 0) {
  this.doorStatus[index] = status;

else {

  this.doorStatus.push(status);

}

build() {
Column() {
// 电源状态显示
PowerStatusCard({ status: this.powerStatus })

  // 格口状态网格
  Grid() {
    ForEach(this.cellStatus, (cell) => {
      GridItem() {
        CellStatusCard({ 
          id: cell.id,
          occupied: cell.occupied,
          weight: cell.weight 
        })

})

.columnsTemplate(‘1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr’)

  .rowsGap(10)
  .columnsGap(10)

  // 门状态列表
  DoorStatusList({ doors: this.doorStatus })

.padding(20)

}

// 组件实现部分
@Component
struct PowerStatusCard {
@Param status: PowerStatus

build() {
Column() {
Progress({
value: this.status.level,
total: 100
})
.width(‘90%’)

  Row() {
    Text(电量: ${this.status.level}%)
    Text(模式: ${this.status.mode === 'normal' ? '正常' : '节电'})
      .fontColor(this.status.mode === 'normal' ? Color.Black : Color.Orange)

.justifyContent(FlexAlign.SpaceBetween)

  .width('90%')

.padding(10)

.borderRadius(10)
.backgroundColor('#f5f5f5')

}

@Component
struct CellStatusCard {
@Param id: number
@Param occupied: boolean
@Param weight?: number

build() {
Column() {
Box() {
if (this.occupied) {
Image($r(‘app.media.package’))
.width(40)
.height(40)
else {

      Image($r('app.media.empty'))
        .width(40)
        .height(40)

}

  .width(60)
  .height(60)
  .borderRadius(8)
  .backgroundColor(this.occupied ? '#e3f2fd' : '#eeeeee')

  Text(格口${this.id + 1})
    .fontSize(12)

  if (this.weight && this.weight > 0) {
    Text(${this.weight.toFixed(1)}kg)
      .fontSize(10)

}

.alignItems(HorizontalAlign.Center)

}

@Component
struct DoorStatusList {
@Param doors: DoorStatus[]

build() {
Column() {
ForEach(this.doors, (door) => {
Row() {
Text(门${door.id + 1})
Text(door.open ? ‘开启’ : ‘关闭’)
.fontColor(door.open ? Color.Red : Color.Green)
.padding(5)

})

.margin({ top: 20 })

}

五、关键优化点
动态功耗管理：

// 根据使用场景调整功耗
function adjustPowerByScenario() {
const hour = new Date().getHours();
const isPeakHour = hour >= 9 && hour <= 21;

const config = {
sensorScan: isPeakHour ? 1000 : 3000,
commInterval: isPeakHour ? 30000 : 60000,
displayTimeout: isPeakHour ? 30000 : 10000
};

system.applyPowerConfig(config);

网络通信优化：

// 智能数据上传策略
function smartDataUpload() {
const battery = power.getCapacity();
const network = connection.getNetType();

const strategy = {
immediate: battery > 30 && network === ‘wifi’,
delayed: battery > 15 && (network = ‘wifi’ || network = ‘4g’),
criticalOnly: battery <= 15
};

return strategy;

异常检测算法：

// 检测异常门状态
function detectDoorAnomaly(doorId: number) {
const history = this.getDoorHistory(doorId, 10); // 获取最近10次记录

// 短时间内频繁开关门
if (history.filter(e => e.state === ‘open’).length > 5) {
return ‘frequent_open’;
// 长时间未关门

if (history[0].state === ‘open’ &&
Date.now() - history[0].timestamp > 300000) {
return ‘timeout_open’;
return null;

六、测试验证方案
压力传感器校准：

// 传感器校准测试
function testPressureCalibration() {
const testWeights = [0, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0]; // kg
testWeights.forEach(weight => {
simulateWeight(0, weight);
const reading = pressureSensors.readCell(0);
console.assert(
Math.abs(reading - weight) < 0.1,
校准误差过大: 预期{weight}kg 实际{reading}kg
);
});

门状态检测测试：

// 门状态检测测试
function testDoorDetection() {
// 测试正常开关
simulateDoorEvent(3, true);
setTimeout(() => {
const state = doorMonitor.getDoorState(3);
console.assert(state === true, ‘门3应检测为开启状态’);

simulateDoorEvent(3, false);
setTimeout(() => {
  console.assert(state === false, '门3应检测为关闭状态');
}, 500);

}, 500);

// 测试消抖功能
simulateDoorNoise(5); // 模拟抖动
setTimeout(() => {
const changes = doorMonitor.getEventCount(5);
console.assert(changes <= 1, ‘门5应过滤抖动事件’);
}, 1000);

太阳能系统测试：

// 太阳能充电测试
function testSolarCharging() {
[5, 10, 15, 20].forEach(input => {
simulateSolarInput(input);
const current = powerSystem.getChargingCurrent();
console.log({input}W输入 -> {current}mA充电);
});

七、项目扩展方向
快递关联系统：

// 关联快递信息
function linkParcelToCell(parcelId: string, cellId: number) {
database.update(‘parcels’, {
parcelId,
cellId,
status: ‘in_cell’,
timestamp: Date.now()
});

// 通知用户
notifyUser(parcelId, 快递已存入${cellId + 1}号格口);

智能预警系统：

// 异常状态预警
function setupSmartAlerts() {
EventBus.on(‘doorAnomaly’, (event) => {
if (event.type === ‘timeout_open’) {
sendAlert(警告: ${event.doorId}号门长时间未关);
else if (event.type === ‘frequent_open’) {

  sendAlert(警告: ${event.doorId}号门频繁开关);

});

远程维护接口：

// 远程维护功能
function setupRemoteMaintenance() {
bluetooth.on(‘maintenance’, (command) => {
switch (command.type) {
case ‘open_door’:
lockControl.open(command.doorId);
break;
case ‘reboot’:
system.reboot();
break;
case ‘update’:
firmware.update(command.version);
break;
});

本方案实现了完整的智能快递柜监测系统，通过多传感器融合、智能能源管理和分布式状态同步，构建了高效可靠的快递柜监控平台，是鸿蒙操作系统在物联网领域的典型应用。

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