鸿蒙智能鱼缸控制系统开发方案 原创

鸿蒙智能鱼缸控制系统开发方案

一、项目概述

本方案实现基于鸿蒙5.0的智能鱼缸控制系统，具有以下核心功能：
水质多参数实时监测（pH值、温度、溶解氧等）

智能喂食器定时与定量控制

灯光模拟自然日出日落效果

多设备状态分布式同步

二、技术架构

graph TD
A[鱼缸控制器] -->蓝牙
B(手机)
–>Wi-Fi
C[云端]

–>分布式数据
D[平板]

–> E[水质分析平台]

–>传感器
F[水质传感器阵列]

三、核心代码实现
水质监测模块

// WaterQualityMonitor.ets
import sensor from ‘@ohos.sensor’;

export class WaterQualityMonitor {
private pHValue: number = 7.0;
private temperature: number = 25.0;
private dissolvedOxygen: number = 8.0;

// 初始化水质传感器
async init() {
try {
await sensor.on(sensor.SensorType.SENSOR_TYPE_PH, (data) => {
this.pHValue = this.calibratePH(data.value);
});

  await sensor.on(sensor.SensorType.SENSOR_TYPE_TEMPERATURE, (data) => {
    this.temperature = data.value;
  });
  
  await sensor.on(sensor.SensorType.SENSOR_TYPE_DO, (data) => {
    this.dissolvedOxygen = data.value;
  });
  
  // 每小时自动校准
  setInterval(() => this.autoCalibrate(), 3600000);

catch (err) {

  console.error('水质传感器初始化失败:', err);

}

// 获取当前水质状态
getCurrentStatus(): WaterQuality {
return {
pH: this.pHValue,
temperature: this.temperature,
dissolvedOxygen: this.dissolvedOxygen,
timestamp: Date.now()
};
// 自动校准传感器

private async autoCalibrate() {
await sensor.calibrate(sensor.SensorType.SENSOR_TYPE_PH, ‘buffer7’);
await sensor.calibrate(sensor.SensorType.SENSOR_TYPE_TEMPERATURE);
// pH值校准计算

private calibratePH(rawValue: number): number {
const tempCompensation = 0.03 * (this.temperature - 25);
return rawValue - tempCompensation;
// 检查水质异常

checkAbnormal(): WaterQualityAlert | null {
if (this.pHValue < 6.5 || this.pHValue > 8.5) {
return { type: ‘pH’, value: this.pHValue, level: ‘danger’ };
if (this.temperature < 20 || this.temperature > 30) {

  return { type: 'temperature', value: this.temperature, level: 'warning' };

if (this.dissolvedOxygen < 5) {

  return { type: 'oxygen', value: this.dissolvedOxygen, level: 'danger' };

return null;

}

智能喂食控制

// SmartFeeder.ets
import driver from ‘@ohos.driver’;

export class SmartFeeder {
private feedingTimes: TimeOfDay[] = [
hour: 8, minute: 0 },

hour: 12, minute: 30 },

hour: 18, minute: 0 }

];
private portionSize: number = 1; // 1单位饲料

// 初始化喂食器驱动
async init() {
await driver.open(‘fish_feeder’);
this.setupFeedingTimers();
// 设置喂食定时器

private setupFeedingTimers() {
this.feedingTimes.forEach(time => {
const now = new Date();
const target = new Date(
now.getFullYear(),
now.getMonth(),
now.getDate(),
time.hour,
time.minute
);

  if (target > now) {
    setTimeout(() => this.feed(), target.getTime() - now.getTime());

});

// 执行喂食动作

async feed(portion?: number) {
const amount = portion || this.portionSize;
await driver.write(‘fish_feeder’, amount.toString());
EventBus.emit(‘feedingEvent’, { amount, time: Date.now() });
// 添加喂食时间

async addFeedingTime(time: TimeOfDay) {
this.feedingTimes.push(time);
this.setupFeedingTimers();
await this.saveSchedule();
// 保存喂食计划

private async saveSchedule() {
await preferences.put(‘feeding_schedule’, JSON.stringify(this.feedingTimes));
// 调整喂食量

async adjustPortion(size: number) {
this.portionSize = Math.max(0.5, Math.min(3, size)); // 限制0.5-3单位
await preferences.put(‘portion_size’, this.portionSize.toString());
}

灯光控制系统

// LightingSystem.ets
import pwm from ‘@ohos.pwm’;

export class LightingSystem {
private currentBrightness: number = 0;
private colorTemperature: number = 6500; // 6500K
private sunriseTime: TimeOfDay = { hour: 7, minute: 0 };
private sunsetTime: TimeOfDay = { hour: 19, minute: 0 };

// 初始化灯光系统
async init() {
await pwm.init(‘aquarium_light’);
await pwm.setFrequency(1000);
this.startLightCycle();
// 启动灯光循环

private startLightCycle() {
// 日出效果
this.scheduleSunrise();

// 日落效果
this.scheduleSunset();

// 月光模式
this.scheduleMoonlight();

// 安排日出效果

private scheduleSunrise() {
const now = new Date();
const sunrise = new Date(
now.getFullYear(),
now.getMonth(),
now.getDate(),
this.sunriseTime.hour,
this.sunriseTime.minute
);

if (sunrise > now) {
  setTimeout(() => this.executeSunrise(), sunrise.getTime() - now.getTime());

}

// 执行日出效果
private async executeSunrise() {
const duration = 7200000; // 2小时日出过程
const steps = 120; // 120步
const interval = duration / steps;

for (let i = 0; i <= steps; i++) {
  const progress = i / steps;
  const brightness = progress * 100;
  const colorTemp = 2500 + (4000 * progress); // 2500K-6500K
  
  await this.setLight(brightness, colorTemp);
  await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, interval));

}

// 设置灯光参数
private async setLight(brightness: number, colorTemp?: number) {
this.currentBrightness = brightness;
if (colorTemp) this.colorTemperature = colorTemp;

await pwm.setDuty('white', brightness);
await pwm.setDuty('blue', brightness * 0.3);

if (colorTemp) {
  await pwm.setDuty('warm', brightness * (6500 - colorTemp) / 4000);

}

// 手动控制灯光
async manualControl(brightness: number, colorTemp: number) {
await this.setLight(brightness, colorTemp);
EventBus.emit(‘lightManualOverride’);
}

分布式状态管理

// AquariumStateSync.ets
import distributedData from ‘@ohos.data.distributedData’;

const STORE_ID = “aquarium_state”;
const KEY_PREFIX = “aqua_”;

export class AquariumStateSync {
private kvManager: distributedData.KVManager;
private kvStore: distributedData.KVStore;

async init() {
const config = {
bundleName: “com.smart.aquarium”,
context: getContext(this)
};

this.kvManager = distributedData.createKVManager(config);
this.kvStore = await this.kvManager.getKVStore(STORE_ID, {
  createIfMissing: true,
  encrypt: false,
  kvStoreType: distributedData.KVStoreType.SINGLE_VERSION
});

this.setupDataObserver();

// 同步鱼缸状态

async syncAquariumState(state: AquariumState) {
const key = {KEY_PREFIX}{device.deviceId};
try {
await this.kvStore.put(key, JSON.stringify(state));

  const syncOptions = {
    devices: this.getSyncDevices(),
    mode: distributedData.SyncMode.PUSH_PULL,
    delay: this.getSyncDelay()
  };
  await this.kvStore.sync(syncOptions);

catch (err) {

  console.error('鱼缸状态同步失败:', err);

}

// 获取同步设备列表
private getSyncDevices(): string[] {
return deviceManager.getAvailableDeviceListSync()
.filter(device => device.deviceType === DeviceType.PHONE ||
device.deviceType === DeviceType.TABLET)
.map(device => device.deviceId);
// 监听数据变化

private setupDataObserver() {
this.kvStore.on(‘dataChange’, distributedData.SubscribeType.SUBSCRIBE_TYPE_ALL, (changes) => {
changes.insertData.concat(changes.updateData).forEach(item => {
if (item.key.startsWith(KEY_PREFIX)) {
const data = JSON.parse(item.value) as AquariumState;
AppStorage.setOrCreate(aquarium_${item.key.substring(KEY_PREFIX.length)}, data);
});

});

}

四、完整应用实现

// AquariumControlApp.ets
import { WaterQualityMonitor } from ‘./WaterQualityMonitor’;
import { SmartFeeder } from ‘./SmartFeeder’;
import { LightingSystem } from ‘./LightingSystem’;
import { AquariumStateSync } from ‘./AquariumStateSync’;

@Entry
@Component
struct AquariumControlApp {
private waterMonitor = new WaterQualityMonitor();
private feeder = new SmartFeeder();
private lighting = new LightingSystem();
private stateSync = new AquariumStateSync();

@State waterQuality: WaterQuality = {
pH: 7.0,
temperature: 25.0,
dissolvedOxygen: 8.0
};
@State lightStatus: LightStatus = {
brightness: 0,
colorTemp: 6500
};
@State feedingSchedule: TimeOfDay[] = [];

aboutToAppear() {
this.waterMonitor.init();
this.feeder.init();
this.lighting.init();
this.stateSync.init();

// 监听水质变化
EventBus.on('waterQuality', (data) => {
  this.waterQuality = data;
  this.checkWaterAlerts();
});

// 加载喂食计划
this.loadFeedingSchedule();

// 检查水质警报

private checkWaterAlerts() {
const alert = this.waterMonitor.checkAbnormal();
if (alert) {
notification.show(水质警报: ${alert.type}异常!);
}

// 加载喂食计划
private async loadFeedingSchedule() {
const schedule = await preferences.get(‘feeding_schedule’);
if (schedule) {
this.feedingSchedule = JSON.parse(schedule);
}

build() {
Column() {
// 水质状态显示
WaterQualityDisplay({ quality: this.waterQuality })

  // 灯光控制
  LightControlPanel({
    brightness: this.lightStatus.brightness,
    colorTemp: this.lightStatus.colorTemp,
    onChange: (brightness, colorTemp) => {
      this.lighting.manualControl(brightness, colorTemp);

})

  // 喂食控制
  FeedingControl({
    schedule: this.feedingSchedule,
    onFeed: (portion) => this.feeder.feed(portion),
    onAddTime: (time) => this.feeder.addFeedingTime(time)
  })

.width(‘100%’)

.height('100%')
.padding(20)

}

@Component
struct WaterQualityDisplay {
@Param quality: WaterQuality

build() {
Row() {
Column() {
Text(pH: ${this.quality.pH.toFixed(1)})
.fontColor(this.getPHColor(this.quality.pH))
Text(温度: ${this.quality.temperature.toFixed(1)}℃)
Text(溶氧: ${this.quality.dissolvedOxygen.toFixed(1)}mg/L)
.margin({ right: 20 })

  // 水质状态指示器
  WaterQualityIndicator({ pH: this.quality.pH })

}

private getPHColor(pH: number): Color {
return pH < 6.8 ? Color.Red :
pH > 7.8 ? Color.Orange : Color.Green;
}

@Component
struct LightControlPanel {
@Param brightness: number
@Param colorTemp: number
@Param onChange: (brightness: number, colorTemp: number) => void

@State tempMode: ‘warm’ ‘cool’
‘custom’ = ‘cool’;

build() {
Column() {
Slider({
value: this.brightness,
min: 0,
max: 100,
onChange: (value) => this.onChange(value, this.colorTemp)
})

  Row() {
    Button('暖光')
      .onClick(() => {
        this.tempMode = 'warm';
        this.onChange(this.brightness, 3000);
      })
    
    Button('冷光')
      .onClick(() => {
        this.tempMode = 'cool';
        this.onChange(this.brightness, 6500);
      })
    
    Button('自定义')
      .onClick(() => this.tempMode = 'custom')

if (this.tempMode === ‘custom’) {

    Slider({
      value: this.colorTemp,
      min: 2500,
      max: 6500,
      onChange: (value) => this.onChange(this.brightness, value)
    })

}

.padding(10)
.borderRadius(8)
.backgroundColor('#f5f5f5')

}

@Component
struct FeedingControl {
@Param schedule: TimeOfDay[]
@Param onFeed: (portion?: number) => void
@Param onAddTime: (time: TimeOfDay) => void

@State newTime: TimeOfDay = { hour: 12, minute: 0 };
@State portion: number = 1;

build() {
Column() {
// 喂食时间列表
ForEach(this.schedule, (time) => {
Text({time.hour}:{time.minute.toString().padStart(2, ‘0’)})
})

  // 添加喂食时间
  Row() {
    TimePicker({
      hours: this.newTime.hour,
      minutes: this.newTime.minute,
      onChange: (h, m) => {
        this.newTime = { hour: h, minute: m };

})

    Button('添加')
      .onClick(() => this.onAddTime(this.newTime))

// 立即喂食控制

  Row() {
    Slider({
      value: this.portion,
      min: 0.5,
      max: 3,
      step: 0.5
    })
    
    Button('喂食')
      .onClick(() => this.onFeed(this.portion))

}

}

五、关键优化点
水质采样优化：

// 动态调整水质采样频率
function getSamplingInterval(): number {
const hour = new Date().getHours();
return hour >= 6 && hour <= 22 ? 300000 : // 白天5分钟
900000; // 夜间15分钟

喂食器功耗优化：

// 喂食器电机控制优化
function optimizeFeederMotor() {
const steps = 10;
const delay = 50; // 50ms间隔

for (let i = 0; i < steps; i++) {
driver.setPower(i * 0.1); // 渐进式启动
await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, delay));
}

灯光渐变算法：

// 平滑灯光过渡
async smoothLightTransition(target: number, duration: number) {
const steps = 100;
const delta = (target - this.currentBrightness) / steps;
const interval = duration / steps;

for (let i = 0; i < steps; i++) {
this.currentBrightness += delta;
await pwm.setDuty(this.currentBrightness);
await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, interval));
}

六、测试验证方案
水质传感器测试：

// 验证pH传感器校准
function testPHCalibration() {
const testValues = [4.0, 7.0, 10.0]; // 标准液
testValues.forEach(async (value) => {
simulatePH(value);
const reading = await waterMonitor.getPH();
console.assert(
Math.abs(reading - value) < 0.2,
pH校准误差过大: 预期{value} 实际{reading}
);
});

喂食器精度测试：

// 测试喂食量精度
function testFeederAccuracy() {
const testPortions = [0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0];
testPortions.forEach(async (portion) => {
await feeder.feed(portion);
const actual = measureFoodWeight();
console.assert(
Math.abs(actual - portion) < 0.1,
喂食量误差过大: 预期{portion}g 实际{actual}g
);
});

灯光效果测试：

// 验证日出模拟效果
function testSunriseEffect() {
const start = Date.now();
lighting.executeSunrise();
const duration = Date.now() - start;
console.assert(
duration >= 7100000 && duration <= 7300000,
‘日出过程时间异常’
);

const finalBrightness = lighting.getBrightness();
console.assert(
Math.abs(finalBrightness - 100) < 5,
‘最终亮度未达到100%’
);

七、项目扩展方向
手机远程监控：

// 手机远程访问接口
function setupRemoteAccess() {
server.on(‘request’, (req) => {
if (req.path === ‘/aquarium/status’) {
return {
water: waterMonitor.getCurrentStatus(),
light: lighting.getStatus(),
lastFed: feeder.getLastFeedingTime()
};
});

自动换水系统：

// 水质恶化自动换水
function setupAutoWaterChange() {
EventBus.on(‘waterQuality’, (quality) => {
if (quality.pH < 6.5 || quality.pH > 8.5) {
waterPump.startChangeWater();
});

鱼类行为分析：

// 使用摄像头分析鱼类活动
function analyzeFishBehavior() {
camera.on(‘frame’, (image) => {
const activity = fishDetector.analyze(image);
if (activity < 0.3) {
notification.show(‘鱼类活动异常减少!’);
});

本方案实现了完整的智能鱼缸控制系统，通过精确的水质监测、智能喂食控制和自然灯光模拟，为水族生物创造了理想的生存环境，同时通过鸿蒙分布式能力实现多设备协同管理，是智能家居与生态保育的完美结合。