#鸿蒙通关秘籍#如何使用TextInput组件实现自定义安全键盘？

实现自定义安全键盘可以通过以下步骤：

1. 使用TextInput的customKeyboard属性绑定自定义键盘。当输入框激活时，将加载自定义组件，而不会打开系统输入法。可以利用<TextInputController>stopEditing方法控制键盘的关闭。

2. 自定义键盘布局：使用网格布局（Grid）来实现键盘布局。数字键盘采用4x3网格布局，大小写字母和特殊字符键盘可使用更细分的，比如4x20的网格来确保每个按键占据整数单元。使用GridItem来设定每个按键的值、UI属性和位置。

3. 状态更新与事件响应：在子组件定义键盘按键事件，然后传递给父组件进行处理。通过在父组件定义的onKeyboardEvent响应按键事件进行输入、删除、键盘类型切换等操作更新。确保在子组件中使用@Link装饰器标识inputValue以进行父子组件数据双向绑定。

示例代码：

@Component
export struct CustomSafeKeyboardView {
  @State inputValue: string = '';
  @State items: IKeyAttribute[] = numericKeyData;
  @State curKeyboardType: EKeyboardType = EKeyboardType.NUMERIC;
  controller: TextInputController = new TextInputController();

  onKeyboardEvent(item: IKeyAttribute) {
    switch (item.type) {
      case EKeyType.INPUT:
        this.inputValue += item.value;
        break;
      case EKeyType.DELETE:
        this.inputValue = this.inputValue.slice(0, -1);
        break;
      case EKeyType.NUMERIC:
        if (this.curKeyboardType !== EKeyboardType.NUMERIC) {
          this.curKeyboardType = EKeyboardType.NUMERIC;
          this.items = numericKeyData;
        }
        break;
      case EKeyType.CAPSLOCK:
        if (this.curKeyboardType === EKeyboardType.LOWERCASE) {
          this.curKeyboardType = EKeyboardType.UPPERCASE;
          this.items = upperCaseKeyData;
        } else {
          this.curKeyboardType = EKeyboardType.LOWERCASE;
          this.items = lowerCaseKeyData;
        }
        break;
      case EKeyType.SPECIAL:
        if (this.curKeyboardType !== EKeyboardType.SPECIAL) {
          this.curKeyboardType = EKeyboardType.SPECIAL;
          this.items = specialKeyData;
        }
        break;
      default:
        console.log(`Sorry, we are out of input type.`);
    }
  }

  @Builder
  customKeyboardBuilder() {
    CustomKeyboard({
      items: this.items,
      inputValue: this.inputValue,
      curKeyboardType: this.curKeyboardType,
      onKeyboardEvent: this.onKeyboardEvent,
      controller: this.controller
    })
  }

  build() {
    Column() {
      Row().height($r("app.integer.row_height"))

      Image($r("app.media.avatar"))
        .width($r("app.integer.avatar_weight"))
        .height($r("app.integer.avatar_height"))
        .objectFit(ImageFit.Fill)

      Text($r("app.string.account_name"))
        .fontSize($r("app.integer.text_font_size"))
        .margin({ top: $r("app.integer.common_margin_padding") })

      TextInput({
        text: this.inputValue,
        placeholder: $r("app.string.placeholder"),
        controller: this.controller
      })
        .type(InputType.Password)
        .customKeyboard(this.customKeyboardBuilder())
        .height($r("app.integer.text_input_height"))
        .border(null)
        .margin({ top: $r("app.integer.common_margin_padding") })

      Button($r("app.string.login_button_label"))
        .type(ButtonType.Capsule)
        .fontSize($r("app.integer.login_button_font_size"))
        .width($r("app.integer.login_button_width"))
        .height($r("app.integer.login_button_height"))
        .margin({ top: $r("app.integer.login_button_margin") })
        .backgroundColor(Color.Pink)
        .onClick(() => {
          this.controller.stopEditing();
        })
    }
    .width($r("app.string.one_hundred_percent"))
    .height($r("app.string.one_hundred_percent"))
    .padding($r("app.integer.common_margin_padding"))
  }
}