图数据库实操：用 Nebula Graph 破解成语版 Wordle 谜底

# 匹配成语中的一个结果
MATCH (x:idiom) "爱憎分明" RETURN x LIMIT 1

# 返回结果
("爱憎分明" :idiom{pinyin: "['ai4', 'zeng1', 'fen1', 'ming2']"})
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# 有一个非第一个位置的字，拼音是 4 声，韵母是 ai，但不是爱
MATCH (char0:character)<-[with_char_0:with_character]-(x:idiom)-[with_pinyin_0:with_pinyin]->(pinyin_0:character_pinyin)-[:with_pinyin_part]->(final_part_0:pinyin_part{part_type: "final"})
WHERE id(final_part_0) == "ai" AND pinyin_0.character_pinyin.tone == 4 AND with_pinyin_0.position != 0 AND with_char_0.position != 0 AND id(char0) != "爱"
# 有一个一声的字，不在第二个位置
MATCH (x:idiom) -[with_pinyin_1:with_pinyin]->(pinyin_1:character_pinyin)
WHERE pinyin_1.character_pinyin.tone == 1 AND with_pinyin_1.position != 1
# 有一个字韵母是 ing，不在第四个位置
MATCH (x:idiom) -[with_pinyin_2:with_pinyin]->(:character_pinyin)-[:with_pinyin_part]->(final_part_2:pinyin_part{part_type: "final"})
WHERE id(final_part_2) == "ing" AND with_pinyin_2.position != 3
# 第四个字是二声
MATCH (x:idiom) -[with_pinyin_3:with_pinyin]->(pinyin_3:character_pinyin)
WHERE pinyin_3.character_pinyin.tone == 2 AND with_pinyin_3.position == 3

RETURN x, count(x) as c ORDER BY c DESC
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("惊愚骇俗" :idiom{pinyin: "['jing1', 'yu2', 'hai4', 'su2']"})
("惊世骇俗" :idiom{pinyin: "['jing1', 'shi4', 'hai4', 'su2']"})
("惊见骇闻" :idiom{pinyin: "['jing1', 'jian4', 'hai4', 'wen2']"})
("沽名卖直" :idiom{pinyin: "['gu1', 'ming2', 'mai4', 'zhi2']"})
("惊心骇神" :idiom{pinyin: "['jing1', 'xin1', 'hai4', 'shen2']"})
("荆棘载途" :idiom{pinyin: "['jing1', 'ji2', 'zai4', 'tu2']"})
("出卖灵魂" :idiom{pinyin: "['chu1', 'mai4', 'ling2', 'hun2']"})
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注，这中间很长的 253 分钟是因为我在查询中发现之前代码里构造的图谱有点 bug，是“披枷带锁”这个词引起的读音图谱的错误数据，还好后来被修复了。

大家知道“披枷带锁”的正确读音么？😭
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# 有一个非第一个位置的字，拼音是 4 声，韵母是 ai
MATCH (x:idiom)-[with_pinyin_0:with_pinyin]->(pinyin_0:character_pinyin)-[:with_pinyin_part]->(final_part_0:pinyin_part{part_type: "final"})
WHERE id(final_part_0) == "ai" AND pinyin_0.character_pinyin.tone == 4 AND with_pinyin_0.position != 0
# ...
RETURN x
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# 有一个非第一个位置的字，拼音是 4 声，韵母是 ai，但不是爱
MATCH (char0:character)<-[with_char_0:with_character]-(x:idiom)
WHERE with_char_0.position != 0 AND id(char0) != "爱"
# ...
RETURN x, count(x) as c ORDER BY c DESC
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# 有一个非第一个位置的字，拼音是 4 声，韵母是 ai，但不是爱
MATCH (char0:character)<-[with_char_0:with_character]-(x:idiom)-[with_pinyin_0:with_pinyin]->(pinyin_0:character_pinyin)-[:with_pinyin_part]->(final_part_0:pinyin_part{part_type: "final"})
WHERE id(final_part_0) == "ai" AND pinyin_0.character_pinyin.tone == 4 AND with_pinyin_0.position != 0 AND with_char_0.position != 0 AND id(char0) != "爱"
# ...
RETURN x
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$ python3 graph_data_generator.py
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借助于 nebula-up：https://github.com/wey-gu/nebula-up/，一行就可以了。
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$ curl -fsSL nebula-up.siwei.io/install.sh | bash -s -- v3.0.0
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┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ 🌌 Nebula-Graph Playground is Up now!  │
├────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                        │
│ 🎉 Congrats! Your Nebula is Up now!    │
│    $ cd ~/.nebula-up                   │
│                                        │
│ 🌏 You can access it from browser:     │
│      http://127.0.0.1:7001             │
│      http://<other_interface>:7001     │
│                                        │
│ 🔥 Or access via Nebula Console:       │
│    $ ~/.nebula-up/console.sh           │
│                                        │
│    To remove the playground:           │
│    $ ~/.nebula-up/uninstall.sh         │
│                                        │
│ 🚀 Have Fun!                           │
│                                        │
└────────────────────────────────────────┘
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借助于 nebula-importer https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula-importer/ ，一行就可以了。
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$ docker run --rm -ti \
    --network=nebula-docker-compose_nebula-net \
    -v ${PWD}/importer_conf.yaml:/root/importer_conf.yaml \
    -v ${PWD}/output:/root \
    vesoft/nebula-importer:v3.0.0 \
    --config /root/importer_conf.yaml
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连到图数据库的 Console
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$ ip address

2: enp4s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 2a:32:4c:06:04:c4 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.1.1.168/24 brd 10.1.1.255 scope global dynamic enp4s0
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$ ~/.nebula-up/console.sh

# nebula-console -addr 10.1.1.168 -port 9669 -user root -p nebula
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(root@nebula) [(none)]> show spaces
+--------------------+
| Name               |
+--------------------+
| "chinese_idiom"    |
+--------------------+

(root@nebula) [(none)]> use chinese_idiom
Execution succeeded (time spent 1510/2329 us)

Fri, 25 Feb 2022 08:53:11 UTC

(root@nebula) [chinese_idiom]> match p=(成语:idiom) return p limit 2
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| p                                                                |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| <("一丁不识" :idiom{pinyin: "['yi1', 'ding1', 'bu4', 'shi2']"})> |
| <("一丝不挂" :idiom{pinyin: "['yi1', 'si1', 'bu4', 'gua4']"})>   |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+

(root@nebula) [chinese_idiom]> SUBMIT JOB STATS
+------------+
| New Job Id |
+------------+
| 11         |
+------------+
(root@nebula) [chinese_idiom]> SHOW STATS
+---------+--------------------+--------+
| Type    | Name               | Count  |
+---------+--------------------+--------+
| "Tag"   | "character"        | 4847   |
| "Tag"   | "character_pinyin" | 1336   |
| "Tag"   | "idiom"            | 29503  |
| "Tag"   | "pinyin_part"      | 57     |
| "Edge"  | "with_character"   | 116090 |
| "Edge"  | "with_pinyin"      | 5943   |
| "Edge"  | "with_pinyin_part" | 3290   |
| "Space" | "vertices"         | 35739  |
| "Space" | "edges"            | 125323 |
+---------+--------------------+--------+
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CREATE SPACE IF NOT EXISTS chinese_idiom(partition_num=5, replica_factor=1, vid_type=FIXED_STRING(24));
USE chinese_idiom;
# 创建点的类型
CREATE TAG idiom(pinyin string); #成语
CREATE TAG character(); #汉字
CREATE TAG character_pinyin(tone int); #单字的拼音
CREATE TAG pinyin_part(part_type string); #拼音的声部
# 创建边的类型
CREATE EDGE with_character(position int); #包含汉字
CREATE EDGE with_pinyin(position int); #读作
CREATE EDGE with_pinyin_part(part_type string); #包含声部
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