Docker从入门到精通之Dockerfile详解

# Comment
INSTRUCTION arguments
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FROM [--platform=<platform>] <image>[:<tag>] [AS <name>]
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RUN <命令行命令>
# <命令行命令> 等同于，在终端操作的 shell 命令。
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RUN ["可执行文件", "参数1", "参数2"]
#举例
# RUN ["/bin/bash", "-c", "echo hello"] 等价于 RUN /bin/bash -c echo hello
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FROM centos
RUN yum -y install wget
RUN wget -O redis.tar.gz "http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.3.tar.gz"
RUN tar -xvf redis.tar.gz
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FROM centos
RUN yum -y install wget \
    && wget -O redis.tar.gz "http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.3.tar.gz" \
    && tar -xvf redis.tar.gz
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LABEL <key>=<value> <key>=<value> <key>=<value> ...
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LABEL "com.example.vendor"="ACME Incorporated"
LABEL com.example.label-with-value="foo"
LABEL version="1.0"
LABEL description="This text illustrates \
that label-values can span multiple lines."
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EXPOSE <port> [<port>/<protocol>...]
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EXPOSE 80/tcp
EXPOSE 80/udp
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ENV <key>=<value> ...
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ENV WORK_DIR=/app
WORKDIR ${WORK_DIR}
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COPY [--chown=<user>:<group>] <src>... <dest>
COPY [--chown=<user>:<group>] ["<src>",... "<dest>"]
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#复制test.txt文件到容器/home目录
ADD test.txt /home
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COPY [--chown=<user>:<group>] <src>... <dest>
COPY [--chown=<user>:<group>] ["<src>",... "<dest>"]
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ENTRYPOINT ["executable", "param1", "param2"] #推荐用法
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ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2
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FROM openjdk:11
COPY *.jar /app/app.jar
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 8761
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar","app.jar"]
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FROM ubuntu:trusty
ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/ping","-c","3"]
CMD ["localhost"]
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$ docker build -t ping .
$ docker run ping 
PING localhost (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.025 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.038 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.051 ms
$ docker run ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (180.101.49.11) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 180.101.49.11 (180.101.49.11): icmp_seq=1 ttl=52 time=10.5 ms
64 bytes from 180.101.49.11 (180.101.49.11): icmp_seq=2 ttl=52 time=24.1 ms
64 bytes from 180.101.49.11 (180.101.49.11): icmp_seq=3 ttl=52 time=15.4 ms
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VOLUME ["/data"]
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USER <user>[:<group>]
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WORKDIR /path/to/workdir
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ARG <name>[=<default value>]
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FROM ubuntu
ARG CONT_IMG_VER
ENV CONT_IMG_VER=v1.0.0
RUN echo $CONT_IMG_VER
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$ docker build --build-arg CONT_IMG_VER=v2.0.1 .
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