鸿蒙跨端颜色识别系统：多设备实时色彩同步方案 原创

鸿蒙跨端颜色识别系统：多设备实时色彩同步方案

一、项目概述

本系统基于HarmonyOS 5的分布式能力，实现以下核心功能：
实时颜色识别：通过设备摄像头捕捉并分析画面主色调

跨设备色彩同步：将识别到的颜色数据实时同步到组网设备

协同色彩应用：多设备联动展示相同色彩或进行色彩创作

二、技术架构

!https://example.com/harmonyos-color-sync-arch.png

采用三层架构：
采集层：摄像头获取图像帧

分析层：颜色识别算法处理

同步层：分布式数据管理

三、核心代码实现
颜色识别模块

// ColorDetector.ts
import image from ‘@ohos.multimedia.image’;
import color from ‘@ohos.ai.color’;

export class ColorDetector {
private analyzer: color.ColorAnalyzer;

async init() {
try {
this.analyzer = await color.createColorAnalyzer();
console.info(‘颜色分析器初始化成功’);
catch (err) {

  console.error(初始化失败: {err.code}, {err.message});

}

async detectDominantColor(image: image.Image): Promise<string> {
const options = {
pixelFormat: color.PixelFormat.RGBA_8888,
region: { x: 0, y: 0, width: image.getComponentProperties().size.width, height: image.getComponentProperties().size.height }
};

const result = await this.analyzer.analyze(image, options);
return this.rgbToHex(result.dominantColor);

private rgbToHex(rgb: color.RGBColor): string {

return #${((1 << 24) + (rgb.red << 16) + (rgb.green << 8) + rgb.blue).toString(16).slice(1)};

}

分布式颜色数据管理

// ColorSyncManager.ts
import distributedData from ‘@ohos.data.distributedData’;
import deviceManager from ‘@ohos.distributedHardware.deviceManager’;

interface ColorData {
deviceId: string;
colorHex: string;
timestamp: number;
confidence: number;
export class ColorSyncManager {

private kvManager: distributedData.KVManager;
private kvStore: distributedData.KVStore;
private deviceList: Array<deviceManager.DeviceBasicInfo> = [];

async init() {
const context = getContext(this);
this.kvManager = distributedData.createKVManager({ context });

const options = {
  createIfMissing: true,
  encrypt: false,
  autoSync: true,
  kvStoreType: distributedData.KVStoreType.SINGLE_VERSION
};

this.kvStore = await this.kvManager.getKVStore('color_sync_store', options);
this.setupDeviceListener();

private setupDeviceListener() {

deviceManager.createDeviceManager('com.example.colorapp', (err, manager) => {
  if (err) return;
  
  manager.on('deviceStateChange', (data) => {
    this.refreshDeviceList();
  });
  this.refreshDeviceList();
});

async refreshDeviceList() {

try {
  this.deviceList = await deviceManager.getTrustedDeviceListSync();

catch (err) {

  console.error(刷新设备列表失败: {err.code}, {err.message});

}

async syncColor(deviceId: string, colorHex: string, confidence: number) {
const colorData: ColorData = {
deviceId,
colorHex,
timestamp: Date.now(),
confidence
};

try {
  await this.kvStore.put(deviceId, colorData);
  console.info('颜色数据同步成功');

catch (err) {

  console.error(同步失败: {err.code}, {err.message});

}

async getDeviceColors(): Promise<Map<string, ColorData>> {
const colorMap = new Map<string, ColorData>();

await Promise.all(this.deviceList.map(async device => {
  try {
    const data = await this.kvStore.get(device.deviceId);
    if (data) colorMap.set(device.deviceId, data);

catch (err) {

    console.warn(获取设备${device.deviceId}颜色数据失败);

}));

return colorMap;

}

主页面实现（ArkUI）

// Index.ets
import { ColorDetector } from ‘./ColorDetector’;
import { ColorSyncManager } from ‘./ColorSyncManager’;

@Entry
@Component
struct ColorSyncApp {
@State currentColor: string = ‘#FFFFFF’;
@State deviceColors: Map<string, string> = new Map();

private colorDetector = new ColorDetector();
private syncManager = new ColorSyncManager();
private cameraController?: CameraController;

async aboutToAppear() {
await this.colorDetector.init();
await this.syncManager.init();
this.startCamera();
startCamera() {

// 初始化摄像头并设置帧回调
this.cameraController = new CameraController({
  onFrame: async (image: image.Image) => {
    const colorHex = await this.colorDetector.detectDominantColor(image);
    this.currentColor = colorHex;
    await this.syncManager.syncColor('local-device', colorHex, 0.9);
    this.refreshDeviceColors();

});

this.cameraController.start();

async refreshDeviceColors() {

const colors = await this.syncManager.getDeviceColors();
this.deviceColors = new Map(Array.from(colors.entries()).map(([id, data]) => [id, data.colorHex]));

build() {

Column() {
  // 当前设备颜色显示
  ColorDisplay({ color: this.currentColor })
    .height(200)
    .width('100%')
  
  // 其他设备颜色列表
  Grid() {
    ForEach(Array.from(this.deviceColors.entries()), ([deviceId, color]) => {
      GridItem() {
        Column() {
          ColorDisplay({ color })
            .height(100)
            .width(100)
          
          Text(deviceId.slice(0, 6))
            .fontSize(12)

}

    })

.columnsTemplate(‘1fr 1fr 1fr’)

  .rowsGap(20)
  .columnsGap(20)
  .margin(10)

}

@Component

struct ColorDisplay {
@Prop color: string;

build() {
Column() {
// 颜色展示区域
.width(‘100%’)

.backgroundColor(this.color)
.border({ width: 1, color: '#CCCCCC' })

}

四、跨设备同步关键实现
实时数据同步机制

// 在ColorSyncManager类中添加
setupDataListener() {
this.kvStore.on(‘dataChange’, distributedData.SubscribeType.SUBSCRIBE_TYPE_REMOTE,
(changedItems) => {
changedItems.forEach(({ key, value }) => {
if (key !== ‘local-device’) {
this.updateDeviceColor(key, value.colorHex);
});

});

private updateDeviceColor(deviceId: string, colorHex: string) {

// 更新UI显示
this.deviceColors.set(deviceId, colorHex);
this.refreshDeviceColors();

颜色数据压缩传输

// 优化syncColor方法
async syncColor(deviceId: string, colorHex: string, confidence: number) {
// 只同步变化的数据
const oldData = await this.kvStore.get(deviceId);
if (oldData && oldData.colorHex === colorHex) return;

// 使用精简数据结构
const colorData: ColorData = {
deviceId,
colorHex,
timestamp: Date.now(),
confidence: Math.round(confidence * 100) / 100 // 保留两位小数
};

await this.kvStore.put(deviceId, colorData);

设备协同色彩混合

// 添加颜色混合功能
async getMixedColor(): Promise<string> {
const colors = await this.getDeviceColors();
const colorArray = Array.from(colors.values());

if (colorArray.length === 0) return ‘#FFFFFF’;

// 简单平均混合算法
let r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;
let count = 0;

colorArray.forEach(hex => {
const rgb = this.hexToRgb(hex);
if (rgb) {
+= rgb.r;

+= rgb.g;

+= rgb.b;

  count++;

});

return this.rgbToHex({
red: Math.round(r / count),
green: Math.round(g / count),
blue: Math.round(b / count)
});
private hexToRgb(hex: string): { r: number, g: number, b: number } | null {

// 省略实现…

五、性能优化方案
图像采样优化：

// 修改detectDominantColor方法
async detectDominantColor(image: image.Image): Promise<string> {
const props = image.getComponentProperties().size;
const sampleSize = 10; // 采样间隔

const options = {
pixelFormat: color.PixelFormat.RGBA_8888,
region: {
x: 0,
y: 0,
width: Math.floor(props.width / sampleSize) * sampleSize,
height: Math.floor(props.height / sampleSize) * sampleSize
},
sampleStep: sampleSize
};

// 其余代码不变…

同步频率控制：

// 在主页面添加节流控制
private lastSyncTime = 0;
private readonly SYNC_INTERVAL = 500; // 500ms

async onCameraFrame(image: image.Image) {
const now = Date.now();
if (now - this.lastSyncTime < this.SYNC_INTERVAL) return;

const colorHex = await this.colorDetector.detectDominantColor(image);
this.currentColor = colorHex;
await this.syncManager.syncColor(‘local-device’, colorHex, 0.9);
this.lastSyncTime = now;

// 降低设备列表刷新频率
if (now % 2000 < this.SYNC_INTERVAL) {
this.refreshDeviceColors();
}

本地缓存策略：

// 添加颜色缓存
private colorCache = new Map<string, string>();

async getCachedDeviceColors(): Promise<Map<string, string>> {
const now = Date.now();
if (this.colorCache.size > 0 && now - this.lastCacheTime < 1000) {
return this.colorCache;
const colors = await this.syncManager.getDeviceColors();

this.colorCache = new Map(Array.from(colors.entries()).map(([id, data]) => [id, data.colorHex]));
this.lastCacheTime = now;
return this.colorCache;

六、应用场景扩展
协同色彩创作：

class CollaborativePainting {
async blendColors(): Promise<string> {
// 实现高级颜色混合算法
}

智能家居控制：

class SmartHomeControl {
async syncLightColor(deviceId: string, colorHex: string) {
// 控制智能灯泡同步颜色
}

色彩情绪分析：

class ColorMoodAnalyzer {
analyzeColorTrend(colors: string[]): MoodReport {
// 分析颜色变化趋势反映情绪
}

分布式色彩游戏：

class ColorMatchingGame {
async checkColorMatch(target: string): Promise<boolean> {
// 多设备颜色匹配游戏逻辑
}

本方案充分利用了HarmonyOS 5的分布式数据管理和设备协同能力，实现了低延迟、高精度的跨设备颜色同步系统。开发者可以基于此框架快速构建各种创新的色彩相关应用，如协同艺术创作、智能家居控制、教育娱乐等场景。