鸿蒙隔空手势计算器开发指南 原创

鸿蒙隔空手势计算器开发指南

一、系统架构设计

基于HarmonyOS的隔空手势计算器，利用ToF传感器和分布式能力实现以下功能：
手势识别：通过ToF传感器识别数字输入手势

实时计算：支持基本四则运算和科学计算

跨设备同步：多设备实时同步计算状态

低延迟交互：优化算法实现快速响应

!https://example.com/harmony-gesture-calculator-arch.png

二、核心代码实现
手势识别服务

// GestureService.ets
import tof from ‘@ohos.sensor.tof’;
import distributedData from ‘@ohos.distributedData’;

class GestureService {
private static instance: GestureService = null;
private tofSensor: tof.TofSensor | null = null;
private dataManager: distributedData.DataManager;
private gestureListeners: GestureListener[] = [];

private constructor() {
this.initTofSensor();
this.initDataManager();
public static getInstance(): GestureService {

if (!GestureService.instance) {
  GestureService.instance = new GestureService();

return GestureService.instance;

private initTofSensor(): void {

try {
  this.tofSensor = tof.createTofSensor();
  this.tofSensor.on('gesture', (event) => {
    this.handleGestureEvent(event);
  });
  this.tofSensor.start();

catch (err) {

  console.error('初始化ToF传感器失败:', JSON.stringify(err));

}

private initDataManager(): void {
this.dataManager = distributedData.createDataManager({
bundleName: ‘com.example.gesturecalc’,
area: distributedData.Area.GLOBAL,
isEncrypted: true
});

this.dataManager.registerDataListener('gesture_sync', (data) => {
  this.handleSyncData(data);
});

private handleGestureEvent(event: tof.GestureEvent): void {

const gesture = this.recognizeGesture(event.depthMap);

if (gesture) {
  const gestureData: GestureData = {
    type: gesture.type,
    confidence: gesture.confidence,
    position: event.position,
    timestamp: event.timestamp,
    deviceId: event.deviceId
  };
  
  this.notifyGesture(gestureData);
  this.syncGesture(gestureData);

}

private recognizeGesture(depthMap: number[][]): {type: string, confidence: number} | null {
// 简化的手势识别算法
const fingerCount = this.countFingers(depthMap);

if (fingerCount >= 0 && fingerCount <= 9) {
  return { type: fingerCount.toString(), confidence: 0.9 };

if (this.isSwipeRight(depthMap)) return { type: ‘+’, confidence: 0.85 };

if (this.isSwipeLeft(depthMap)) return { type: '-', confidence: 0.85 };
if (this.isCircle(depthMap)) return { type: '×', confidence: 0.8 };
if (this.isVShape(depthMap)) return { type: '÷', confidence: 0.8 };
if (this.isFist(depthMap)) return { type: '=', confidence: 0.9 };
if (this.isPalm(depthMap)) return { type: 'C', confidence: 0.9 };

return null;

private countFingers(depthMap: number[][]): number {

// 实际实现应使用更复杂的算法
const contour = this.extractContour(depthMap);
const peaks = this.findPeaks(contour);
return peaks.length;

private notifyGesture(data: GestureData): void {

this.gestureListeners.forEach(listener => {
  listener.onGestureRecognized(data);
});

private syncGesture(data: GestureData): void {

this.dataManager.syncData('gesture_sync', {
  type: 'gesture_data',
  data: data,
  timestamp: Date.now()
});

private handleSyncData(data: any): void {

if (!data || data.type !== 'gesture_data') return;

this.gestureListeners.forEach(listener => {
  listener.onGestureRecognized(data.data);
});

public addGestureListener(listener: GestureListener): void {

if (!this.gestureListeners.includes(listener)) {
  this.gestureListeners.push(listener);

}

public removeGestureListener(listener: GestureListener): void {
this.gestureListeners = this.gestureListeners.filter(l => l !== listener);
public async release(): Promise<void> {

if (this.tofSensor) {
  await this.tofSensor.stop();
  this.tofSensor = null;

}

interface GestureListener {

onGestureRecognized(data: GestureData): void;
interface GestureData {

type: string;
confidence: number;
position: {x: number, y: number};
timestamp: number;
deviceId: string;
export const gestureService = GestureService.getInstance();

计算引擎服务

// CalculatorService.ets
import { gestureService } from ‘./GestureService’;
import distributedData from ‘@ohos.distributedData’;

class CalculatorService {
private static instance: CalculatorService = null;
private dataManager: distributedData.DataManager;
private calcListeners: CalcListener[] = [];
private currentInput: string = ‘’;
private previousInput: string = ‘’;
private currentOperator: string | null = null;

private constructor() {
this.initDataManager();
this.setupGestureListener();
public static getInstance(): CalculatorService {

if (!CalculatorService.instance) {
  CalculatorService.instance = new CalculatorService();

return CalculatorService.instance;

private initDataManager(): void {

this.dataManager = distributedData.createDataManager({
  bundleName: 'com.example.gesturecalc',
  area: distributedData.Area.GLOBAL,
  isEncrypted: true
});

this.dataManager.registerDataListener('calc_sync', (data) => {
  this.handleSyncData(data);
});

private setupGestureListener(): void {

gestureService.addGestureListener({
  onGestureRecognized: (data) => {
    this.processGesture(data);

});

private processGesture(data: GestureData): void {

if (/[0-9]/.test(data.type)) {
  this.handleNumberInput(data.type);

else if (/[+-×÷]/.test(data.type)) {

  this.handleOperatorInput(data.type);

else if (data.type === ‘=’) {

  this.calculate();

else if (data.type === ‘C’) {

  this.clear();

this.syncCalcState();

private handleNumberInput(num: string): void {

this.currentInput += num;
this.notifyUpdate();

private handleOperatorInput(op: string): void {

if (this.currentInput = '' && this.previousInput ! '') {
  this.currentOperator = op;
  this.notifyUpdate();
  return;

if (this.currentOperator !== null) {

  this.calculate();

this.previousInput = this.currentInput;

this.currentInput = '';
this.currentOperator = op;
this.notifyUpdate();

private calculate(): void {

if (this.currentOperator = null || this.previousInput = '') return;

const prev = parseFloat(this.previousInput);
const current = parseFloat(this.currentInput);
let result = 0;

switch (this.currentOperator) {
  case '+': result = prev + current; break;
  case '-': result = prev - current; break;
  case '×': result = prev * current; break;
  case '÷': result = prev / current; break;

this.previousInput = ‘’;

this.currentInput = result.toString();
this.currentOperator = null;
this.notifyUpdate();

private clear(): void {

this.currentInput = '';
this.previousInput = '';
this.currentOperator = null;
this.notifyUpdate();

private notifyUpdate(): void {

const state = this.getCurrentState();
this.calcListeners.forEach(listener => {
  listener.onCalcUpdate(state);
});

private syncCalcState(): void {

const state = this.getCurrentState();
this.dataManager.syncData('calc_sync', {
  type: 'calc_state',
  state: state,
  timestamp: Date.now(),
  deviceId: this.dataManager.getDeviceId()
});

private handleSyncData(data: any): void {

if (!data || data.type !== 'calc_state') return;

this.currentInput = data.state.currentInput;
this.previousInput = data.state.previousInput;
this.currentOperator = data.state.currentOperator;

this.notifyUpdate();

public getCurrentState(): CalcState {

return {
  currentInput: this.currentInput,
  previousInput: this.previousInput,
  currentOperator: this.currentOperator,
  displayValue: this.getDisplayValue()
};

private getDisplayValue(): string {

if (this.currentInput !== '') {
  return this.currentInput;

if (this.previousInput ! ‘’ && this.currentOperator ! null) {

  return {this.previousInput} {this.currentOperator};

return ‘0’;

public addCalcListener(listener: CalcListener): void {

if (!this.calcListeners.includes(listener)) {
  this.calcListeners.push(listener);

}

public removeCalcListener(listener: CalcListener): void {
this.calcListeners = this.calcListeners.filter(l => l !== listener);
}

interface CalcListener {
onCalcUpdate(state: CalcState): void;
interface CalcState {

currentInput: string;
previousInput: string;
currentOperator: string | null;
displayValue: string;
export const calcService = CalculatorService.getInstance();

主界面实现

// MainScreen.ets
import { calcService } from ‘./CalculatorService’;
import { gestureService } from ‘./GestureService’;

@Component
export struct MainScreen {
@State displayValue: string = ‘0’;
@State calculationHistory: string[] = [];
@State connectedDevices: string[] = [];
@State isProcessing: boolean = false;

build() {
Column() {
// 标题栏
Row() {
Text(‘隔空手势计算器’)
.fontSize(24)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.layoutWeight(1)

    Button('协同')
      .width(80)
      .onClick(() => {
        this.showDeviceDialog();
      })

.padding(10)

  .width('100%')
  
  // 显示屏
  Text(this.displayValue)
    .fontSize(48)
    .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
    .textAlign(TextAlign.End)
    .width('90%')
    .height(80)
    .margin({ bottom: 30 })
  
  // 计算历史
  if (this.calculationHistory.length > 0) {
    Column() {
      Text('计算历史:')
        .fontSize(16)
        .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
        .margin({ bottom: 8 })
      
      ForEach(this.calculationHistory, (item, index) => {
        Text(item)
          .fontSize(14)
          .fontColor('#666666')
          .margin({ bottom: 4 })
          .alignSelf(HorizontalAlign.End)
      })

.width(‘90%’)

    .padding(10)
    .backgroundColor('#F5F5F5')
    .borderRadius(8)
    .margin({ bottom: 20 })

// 手势指南

  Column() {
    Text('手势操作指南:')
      .fontSize(18)
      .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
      .margin({ bottom: 10 })
    
    Grid() {
      GridItem() {
        Column() {
          Image($r('app.media.gesture_1'))
            .width(60)
            .height(60)
          Text('数字1')
            .fontSize(12)

}

      GridItem() {
        Column() {
          Image($r('app.media.gesture_plus'))
            .width(60)
            .height(60)
          Text('加法')
            .fontSize(12)

}

      // 其他手势示例...

.columnsTemplate(‘1fr 1fr 1fr’)

    .rowsGap(10)
    .columnsGap(10)

.width(‘90%’)

  .padding(10)
  .backgroundColor('#F5F5F5')
  .borderRadius(8)
  .margin({ bottom: 20 })
  
  // 设备连接状态
  if (this.connectedDevices.length > 0) {
    Column() {
      Text('已连接设备:')
        .fontSize(16)
        .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
        .margin({ bottom: 8 })
      
      ForEach(this.connectedDevices, (device) => {
        Text(device)
          .fontSize(14)
          .margin({ bottom: 4 })
      })

.padding(10)

    .width('90%')
    .backgroundColor(Color.White)
    .borderRadius(8)
    .margin({ bottom: 20 })

// 处理状态

  if (this.isProcessing) {
    Progress()
      .width('80%')
      .color(Color.Blue)

}

.width('100%')
.height('100%')
.padding(20)
.onAppear(() => {
  calcService.addCalcListener({
    onCalcUpdate: (state) => {
      this.updateDisplay(state);

});

  gestureService.addGestureListener({
    onGestureRecognized: (data) => {
      this.showGestureFeedback(data.type);

});

})
.onDisappear(() => {
  calcService.removeCalcListener({
    onCalcUpdate: () => {}
  });
  
  gestureService.removeGestureListener({
    onGestureRecognized: () => {}
  });
})

private updateDisplay(state: CalcState): void {

this.displayValue = state.displayValue;

if (state.currentOperator = null && state.currentInput = '' && 
    state.previousInput ! '' && state.displayValue ! '0') {
  this.calculationHistory = [
    {state.previousInput} = {state.displayValue},
    ...this.calculationHistory.slice(0, 4)
  ];

}

private showGestureFeedback(gesture: string): void {
this.isProcessing = true;
prompt.showToast({ message: 识别到: ${gesture} });

setTimeout(() => {
  this.isProcessing = false;
}, 500);

private showDeviceDialog(): void {

const dialog = new AlertDialog({
  title: '选择协同设备',
  items: ['设备1', '设备2', '设备3'], // 实际应从设备管理服务获取
  onSelect: (index) => {
    this.connectToDevice(index);

});

dialog.show();

private connectToDevice(deviceId: string): void {

if (!this.connectedDevices.includes(deviceId)) {
  this.connectedDevices.push(deviceId);
  prompt.showToast({ message: 已连接设备 ${deviceId} });

}

三、项目配置与权限
权限配置

// module.json5
“module”: {

"requestPermissions": [

“name”: “ohos.permission.USE_TOF_SENSOR”,

    "reason": "使用ToF传感器识别手势"
  },

“name”: “ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DATASYNC”,

    "reason": "同步计算状态"
  },

“name”: “ohos.permission.ACCESS_DISTRIBUTED_DEVICE_MANAGER”,

    "reason": "发现和连接其他设备"

],

"abilities": [

“name”: “MainAbility”,

    "type": "page",
    "visible": true
  },

“name”: “GestureAbility”,

    "type": "service",
    "backgroundModes": ["dataTransfer"]

]

}

四、总结与扩展

本隔空手势计算器实现了以下核心功能：
无接触操作：通过ToF传感器实现隔空手势输入

实时计算：支持基本四则运算和结果显示

跨设备协同：多设备实时同步计算状态

低延迟交互：优化手势识别算法实现快速响应

扩展方向：
高级手势：支持更复杂的手势和科学计算

语音反馈：添加语音播报计算结果

历史记录：保存计算记录便于后续查看

个性化设置：自定义手势映射

AR展示：增强现实方式展示计算过程

通过HarmonyOS的传感器能力和分布式技术，我们构建了一个创新、便捷的无接触计算器，为用户提供了全新的交互体验。